邯钢中板厂轧钢生产安全评价研究

发布时间：2019-02-13 13:42

【摘要】：轧钢生产中发生的事故类型主要有机械伤害、煤气中毒、火灾、爆炸、物体打击、灼烫、起重伤害、高处坠落、触电伤害等。据近几年国家安全生产监管部门的统计显示,轧钢企业中发生事故的主要原因集中表现为:职工三违作业,作业环境条件缺陷,安全规程与操作技术不熟悉,设备设计缺陷与防护装置缺陷,以及各项安全管理规章制度不完善、执行不到位等诸多方面。如何消除轧钢生产中的安全隐患,控制轧钢生产事故,减少人员伤亡和财产损失,成为轧钢安全的重要课题。因此,深入研究轧钢安全生产评价指标体系和评价方法势在必行。文章以邯钢中板厂轧钢生产的现状为依据,应用安全工程的理论知识对轧钢生产过程中的主要危险有害因素进行辨识和分析。结合实际生产作业的特点,以“人、机、物、法、环”为思路,将轧钢生产系统划分为4个评价单元,即:人员素质单元、生产设备设施单元、作业环境单元、安全管理单元。对评价单元的各影响因素进行详细分析,应用模糊数学理论知识,建立隶属度函数,数值统计等方法来确定隶属度值。再对评价指标的权重进行确定,运用定性和定量相结合的层次分析法(AHP),使权重的取值更合理、科学,达到较好反映各评价因素对整体系统安全状况的重要度。最后进行综合评价得出结论:邯钢中板厂轧钢生产整体的评价等级为2级,可接受风险在比较安全的等级。这与该厂的安全评价报告结论一致。这说明模糊综合层次分析法对轧钢生产安全评价是比较合理的,具有一定的针对性和可操作性。
[Abstract]:The main types of accidents in rolling production include mechanical injury, gas poisoning, fire, explosion, object strike, burning hot, lifting injury, falling from height, electric shock and so on. According to the statistics of the State Administration of production Safety in recent years, the main causes of accidents in steel rolling enterprises are concentrated in the following aspects: three violations of work by workers, defects in the working environment, and unfamiliar with safety regulations and operation techniques. The defects of equipment design and protective devices, as well as various safety management rules and regulations are not perfect, implementation is not in place and many other aspects. How to eliminate the hidden trouble of steel rolling, control the accident of rolling production, reduce casualties and property loss, become an important issue of steel rolling safety. Therefore, it is imperative to study the evaluation index system and evaluation method of steel rolling safety production. Based on the present situation of steel rolling production in medium plate mill of Handan Iron and Steel Co., this paper applies the theory knowledge of safety engineering to identify and analyze the main dangerous and harmful factors in the process of steel rolling production. According to the characteristics of practical production, the rolling steel production system is divided into four evaluation units, namely, personnel quality unit, production equipment and facility unit, working environment unit and safety management unit, based on the idea of "person, machine, object, law and ring". The factors affecting the evaluation unit are analyzed in detail. The membership degree is determined by fuzzy mathematics theory, membership function and numerical statistics. Then the weight of the evaluation index is determined, and the weight is more reasonable and scientific by using the analytic hierarchy process (AHP),) combined with qualitative and quantitative analysis, which can better reflect the importance of each evaluation factor to the whole system security condition. Finally, a comprehensive evaluation is carried out and the conclusion is drawn: the overall evaluation grade of steel rolling production in medium plate mill of Handan Iron and Steel Company is grade 2, and the acceptable risk is relatively safe. This is consistent with the safety evaluation report of the plant. This shows that the fuzzy comprehensive analytic hierarchy process is reasonable for the safety evaluation of steel rolling production and has certain pertinence and maneuverability.
【学位授予单位】：河北联合大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TG338

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