卧式曲轴端面加工中心结构的设计与研究
发布时间：2019-02-15 09:00
【摘要】：本研究课题来源于本校与杭州××数控机床有限公司的合作项目,主要将用于加工曲轴端面的卧式曲轴端面加工中心的设计改进作为研究内容。由于曲轴外形结构特殊,传统的卧式车削和立式铣削已经没有办法达到曲轴越来越高的加工要求及效率。鉴于企业需求及现有机床存在的不足,本文对曲轴端面加工中心进行结构设计,并对结构进行优化从而改善其动态性能,这对提高曲轴端面加工效率和精度有着重要的意义。本文对比国内外对曲轴端面加工中心的研究现状,分析在机床动态性能研究上的优点以及不足之处,并根据曲轴的自身特点以及对曲轴加工的功能需求,对曲轴端面加工中心主要功能进行分析,以经济性、高性能为原则对曲轴端面加工中心进行结构设计。建立卧式曲轴端面加工中心三维模型及其力学模型,结合采用ADAMS对模型进行运动学及动力学仿真,得到在满足功能要求的情况下重要部件的位移、速度、加速度等运动特性和受力情况,验证了加工中心部件运动的合理性,并为后续的电器选型和力学分析提供了重要的理论依据。建立曲轴端面加工中心的有限元模型,通过ANSYS Workbench对其重要部件进行静态特性分析,得到部件的应力分布及变形情况,并对其中静刚度薄弱环节进行改进优化;通过对曲轴端面加工中心进行动态性能分析,得到机床的固有频率及振型,并对其进行谐响应分析,研究机床动态性能薄弱环节,并进行改进优化;通过静、动态特性分析并经过合理优化后进行优化前后对比,验证优化的可行性,达到了在提高部件动态性能的同时也节省了材料的目的。本文对卧式曲轴端面加工中心结构进行设计,机床床身采用正T型整体式设计、主轴箱非重心驱动并配合非对称式立柱,这使得机床整体结构紧凑,并对改善机床的动态性能有重要的意义。对加工中心的机械结构进行研究,并未涉及机床上的电器及控制系统,需具体考虑后续选型安装;本文中加工中心的分析与研究在计算机环境中完成,没有相应实物样机进行试验,因此还需根据实际情况对样机进一步改进。
[Abstract]:This research project comes from the cooperation project between our school and Hangzhou 脳 脳 NC Machine tool Co., Ltd. It mainly focuses on the design and improvement of horizontal crankshaft end surface machining center used for crankshaft end face processing. Because of the special shape and structure of the crankshaft, the traditional horizontal turning and vertical milling can not meet the higher machining requirements and efficiency of the crankshaft. In view of the needs of enterprises and the shortcomings of existing machine tools, this paper designs the structure of the crankshaft end surface machining center and optimizes the structure to improve its dynamic performance, which is of great significance to improve the efficiency and accuracy of the crankshaft end face machining. This paper compares the research status of crankshaft face machining center at home and abroad, analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of the research on the dynamic performance of machine tools, and according to the characteristics of crankshaft and the functional requirements of crankshaft machining, The main functions of crankshaft end surface machining center are analyzed and the structure of crankshaft end face machining center is designed based on the principle of economy and high performance. The 3D model of horizontal crankshaft face machining center and its mechanical model are established, and the kinematics and dynamics simulation of the model is carried out by using ADAMS. The displacement and velocity of important parts are obtained when the functional requirements are satisfied. The motion characteristics such as acceleration and force condition verify the rationality of the motion of machining center parts, and provide an important theoretical basis for the subsequent electrical equipment selection and mechanical analysis. The finite element model of crankshaft end surface machining center is established, and the static characteristics of its important parts are analyzed by ANSYS Workbench. The stress distribution and deformation of the parts are obtained, and the weak links of static stiffness are improved and optimized. Through the dynamic performance analysis of the crankshaft end face machining center, the natural frequency and vibration mode of the machine tool are obtained, and the harmonic response analysis is carried out to study the weak link of the dynamic performance of the machine tool, and to improve and optimize the machine tool. The feasibility of optimization is verified by analyzing static and dynamic characteristics and comparing before and after optimization after reasonable optimization. The purpose of improving the dynamic performance of components and saving materials is achieved. In this paper, the machining center structure of horizontal crankshaft face is designed. The machine bed is designed with a positive T type integral type, and the spindle box is driven by non-gravity center and matched with asymmetric column, which makes the overall structure of the machine tool compact. It is of great significance to improve the dynamic performance of machine tools. The mechanical structure of the machining center is not related to the electrical apparatus and control system of the machine tool, so it is necessary to consider the subsequent selection and installation. In this paper, the analysis and research of machining center is completed in the computer environment, no corresponding physical prototype is tested, so it is necessary to further improve the prototype according to the actual situation.
【学位授予单位】：浙江工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：TG659
本文编号：2423175
[Abstract]:This research project comes from the cooperation project between our school and Hangzhou 脳 脳 NC Machine tool Co., Ltd. It mainly focuses on the design and improvement of horizontal crankshaft end surface machining center used for crankshaft end face processing. Because of the special shape and structure of the crankshaft, the traditional horizontal turning and vertical milling can not meet the higher machining requirements and efficiency of the crankshaft. In view of the needs of enterprises and the shortcomings of existing machine tools, this paper designs the structure of the crankshaft end surface machining center and optimizes the structure to improve its dynamic performance, which is of great significance to improve the efficiency and accuracy of the crankshaft end face machining. This paper compares the research status of crankshaft face machining center at home and abroad, analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of the research on the dynamic performance of machine tools, and according to the characteristics of crankshaft and the functional requirements of crankshaft machining, The main functions of crankshaft end surface machining center are analyzed and the structure of crankshaft end face machining center is designed based on the principle of economy and high performance. The 3D model of horizontal crankshaft face machining center and its mechanical model are established, and the kinematics and dynamics simulation of the model is carried out by using ADAMS. The displacement and velocity of important parts are obtained when the functional requirements are satisfied. The motion characteristics such as acceleration and force condition verify the rationality of the motion of machining center parts, and provide an important theoretical basis for the subsequent electrical equipment selection and mechanical analysis. The finite element model of crankshaft end surface machining center is established, and the static characteristics of its important parts are analyzed by ANSYS Workbench. The stress distribution and deformation of the parts are obtained, and the weak links of static stiffness are improved and optimized. Through the dynamic performance analysis of the crankshaft end face machining center, the natural frequency and vibration mode of the machine tool are obtained, and the harmonic response analysis is carried out to study the weak link of the dynamic performance of the machine tool, and to improve and optimize the machine tool. The feasibility of optimization is verified by analyzing static and dynamic characteristics and comparing before and after optimization after reasonable optimization. The purpose of improving the dynamic performance of components and saving materials is achieved. In this paper, the machining center structure of horizontal crankshaft face is designed. The machine bed is designed with a positive T type integral type, and the spindle box is driven by non-gravity center and matched with asymmetric column, which makes the overall structure of the machine tool compact. It is of great significance to improve the dynamic performance of machine tools. The mechanical structure of the machining center is not related to the electrical apparatus and control system of the machine tool, so it is necessary to consider the subsequent selection and installation. In this paper, the analysis and research of machining center is completed in the computer environment, no corresponding physical prototype is tested, so it is necessary to further improve the prototype according to the actual situation.
【学位授予单位】：浙江工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：TG659
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