激光旋切法加工高质量微小孔工艺与理论研究
发布时间：2019-02-16 06:00
【摘要】：针对激光微小孔加工中微小孔几何形貌和孔壁重铸层这2个影响微小孔加工质量的关键因素,利用大功率Nd:YAG毫秒脉冲激光器,分别在304不锈钢和DZ445定向结晶镍基合金上进行孔加工实验,主要研究了激光旋切法加工微小孔的工艺特点,对旋切法所涉及的3个关键参数(旋切路径、旋切速度、旋切圈数)对孔质量的影响规律进行了深入探讨。结果显示:边缘起点的旋切路径易导致孔缘出现缺口,而圆心起点的旋切路径可以避免这种现象;旋切速度和旋切圈数对孔壁重铸层厚度影响显著,重铸层厚度随着旋切速度的降低和旋切圈数的增加而减小,其机理在于,孔壁重铸层在旋切过程中会因激光的重复照射再次发生熔化,并在气化压力与辅助气压等驱动力的共同作用下克服黏滞力发生质量迁移,进而从孔出口排出,在其他工艺条件不变的情况下,重铸层的厚度与质量迁移的持续时间成反比。
[Abstract]:Aiming at the two key factors that affect the machining quality of micro-hole in laser micro-hole machining, the geometric morphology of micro-hole and the recasting layer of hole wall, a high-power Nd:YAG millisecond pulse laser is used. Hole machining experiments were carried out on 304 stainless steel and DZ445 oriented crystalline nickel base alloy respectively. The processing characteristics of micro hole machining by laser rotary cutting method were studied. The influence of the number of circles on the quality of holes is discussed. The results show that the swirl cutting path at the starting point of the edge can easily lead to a gap in the edge of the hole, but the swirling path of the starting point of the center of the circle can avoid this phenomenon. The thickness of the recast layer decreases with the decrease of the cutting speed and the number of the circle, and the mechanism is that the thickness of the recast layer decreases with the decrease of the cutting speed and the increase of the number of the circle, the mechanism of which is that the thickness of the recast layer decreases with the decrease of the cutting speed. The re-cast layer of the hole wall will melt again in the process of rotary cutting because of repeated laser irradiation, and overcome the mass migration of viscous force under the combined action of gasification pressure and auxiliary pressure, and then expel from the outlet of the hole. The thickness of the recast layer is inversely proportional to the duration of mass migration.
【作者单位】： 西安交通大学机械工程学院;西安交通大学机械制造系统国家重点实验室;
【基金】：国家高技术研究发展计划资助项目(2013AA040101) 国家自然科学基金资助项目(51375374) 教育部长江学者和创新团队发展计划资助项目(IRT1172)
【分类号】：TG665
[Abstract]:Aiming at the two key factors that affect the machining quality of micro-hole in laser micro-hole machining, the geometric morphology of micro-hole and the recasting layer of hole wall, a high-power Nd:YAG millisecond pulse laser is used. Hole machining experiments were carried out on 304 stainless steel and DZ445 oriented crystalline nickel base alloy respectively. The processing characteristics of micro hole machining by laser rotary cutting method were studied. The influence of the number of circles on the quality of holes is discussed. The results show that the swirl cutting path at the starting point of the edge can easily lead to a gap in the edge of the hole, but the swirling path of the starting point of the center of the circle can avoid this phenomenon. The thickness of the recast layer decreases with the decrease of the cutting speed and the number of the circle, and the mechanism is that the thickness of the recast layer decreases with the decrease of the cutting speed and the increase of the number of the circle, the mechanism of which is that the thickness of the recast layer decreases with the decrease of the cutting speed. The re-cast layer of the hole wall will melt again in the process of rotary cutting because of repeated laser irradiation, and overcome the mass migration of viscous force under the combined action of gasification pressure and auxiliary pressure, and then expel from the outlet of the hole. The thickness of the recast layer is inversely proportional to the duration of mass migration.
【作者单位】： 西安交通大学机械工程学院;西安交通大学机械制造系统国家重点实验室;
【基金】：国家高技术研究发展计划资助项目(2013AA040101) 国家自然科学基金资助项目(51375374) 教育部长江学者和创新团队发展计划资助项目(IRT1172)
【分类号】：TG665
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