高速铣削淬硬钢刀具磨损特性及工艺设计方法
发布时间：2019-03-07 14:58
【摘要】：采用高速球头铣刀加工大型复杂淬硬钢模具过程中,刀具磨损剧烈,直接影响模具加工表面质量和刀具使用寿命,甚至会引发铣刀安全性问题,这严重制约着铣刀切削效率的提高。已有的刀具磨损评定和刀具使用寿命计算方法主要通过切削试验获取随切削行程变化的刀具磨损特性,无法定量分析和解算刀具磨损量,刀具磨损特性及其影响因素有待揭示。同时,已有的高速铣削淬硬钢工艺设计方法没有考虑工件特征多变对刀具磨损和使用寿命的影响,冲击载荷作用下的铣刀寿命和高速铣削工艺设计方案无法满足大型、复杂淬硬钢模具高速、高精度切削加工的要求,有必要对此进行深入研究。本文在国家自然科学基金“高能效铣刀波动力学损伤机理及其多尺度协同设计方法(51375124)”的支持下,研究了高速球头铣刀摩擦磨损模型,揭示了铣刀切削淬硬钢的磨损特性,提出了高速铣削淬硬钢曲面的工艺设计方法。依据高速球头铣刀滑动摩擦模型,研究了铣刀前、后刀面及切削刃与淬硬钢凸凹曲面接触应力分布特性,建立了基于摩擦功原理的铣刀磨损模型,实现了铣刀后刀面磨损量的解算。结合高速切削淬硬钢铣刀磨损试验,获得了铣削方式、加工倾角及振动对铣刀磨损的影响特性,利用铣刀前后刀面冲击磨损试验,研究了在不同工况下的铣刀磨损特性。设计多硬度拼接凸凹曲面硬淬钢试件,进行了高速铣刀性能测试,分析了切削淬硬钢铣刀磨损的振动特性,提出了高速铣削淬硬钢模具工艺方案优选方法,以解决铣刀切削淬硬钢服役性能评价上存在的模糊性和不确定性问题。为减少淬硬钢高速铣削加工中刀具磨损问题,建立了铣刀效率寿命评价模型,揭示出加工效率与刀具使用寿命交互作用对高速铣削淬硬钢过程的影响,提出了以铣刀安全稳定性为约束条件,以提高效率寿命为目标的高速切削淬硬钢工艺设计方法,实现高速铣削淬硬钢刀具的高寿命和切削高效率。
[Abstract]:In the process of machining large and complex hardened steel die with high-speed ball-end milling cutter, the tool wear is severe, which directly affects the surface quality and tool service life of die processing, and even causes the safety problem of milling cutter. This seriously restricts the improvement of milling cutter cutting efficiency. The existing methods of tool wear assessment and tool service life calculation are mainly used to obtain tool wear characteristics with the change of cutting stroke through cutting tests. It is not possible to quantitatively analyze and calculate the tool wear amount. The tool wear characteristics and their influencing factors need to be revealed. At the same time, the existing process design methods of high-speed milling hardened steel do not consider the influence of workpiece characteristics on tool wear and service life, and the milling tool life and high-speed milling process design scheme under impact load can not meet the large scale. It is necessary to study the requirement of high-speed and high-precision cutting for complex hardened steel dies. In this paper, the friction and wear model of high speed ball end milling cutter is studied with the support of the National Natural Science Foundation of China, "the mechanism of wave mechanics damage of high energy efficiency milling cutter and its multi-scale collaborative design method (51375124)", and the wear characteristics of cutting hardened steel by milling cutter are revealed. The process design method of high speed milling hardened steel surface is put forward. According to the sliding friction model of high speed ball end milling cutter, the characteristics of contact stress distribution between the cutting edge and the hardened steel protruding and concave surface before and after the milling cutter are studied, and the wear model of milling cutter based on the principle of friction work is established. The calculation of tool face wear after milling cutter is realized. Combined with the wear test of high speed cutting hardened steel milling cutter, the effects of milling mode, machining inclination and vibration on the wear of milling cutter are obtained. The wear characteristics of milling cutter under different working conditions are studied by the impact wear test of cutter face before and after milling cutter. The multi-hardness splicing convex-concave surface hardened steel specimen was designed, the performance of high-speed milling cutter was tested, the vibration characteristic of cutting hardened steel milling cutter was analyzed, and the optimization method of high-speed milling hardened steel die technology was put forward. In order to solve the problem of fuzziness and uncertainty in service performance evaluation of milling cutter cutting hardened steel. In order to reduce the tool wear problem in high speed milling of hardened steel, the life evaluation model of milling cutter efficiency was established, and the influence of interaction between machining efficiency and tool life on the process of high speed milling hardened steel was revealed. The technology design method of high speed cutting hardened steel is put forward, which is based on the safety and stability of milling cutter and the aim of improving efficiency life. The high life and high cutting efficiency of high speed milling hardened steel tool are realized.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：TG54
本文编号：2436215
[Abstract]:In the process of machining large and complex hardened steel die with high-speed ball-end milling cutter, the tool wear is severe, which directly affects the surface quality and tool service life of die processing, and even causes the safety problem of milling cutter. This seriously restricts the improvement of milling cutter cutting efficiency. The existing methods of tool wear assessment and tool service life calculation are mainly used to obtain tool wear characteristics with the change of cutting stroke through cutting tests. It is not possible to quantitatively analyze and calculate the tool wear amount. The tool wear characteristics and their influencing factors need to be revealed. At the same time, the existing process design methods of high-speed milling hardened steel do not consider the influence of workpiece characteristics on tool wear and service life, and the milling tool life and high-speed milling process design scheme under impact load can not meet the large scale. It is necessary to study the requirement of high-speed and high-precision cutting for complex hardened steel dies. In this paper, the friction and wear model of high speed ball end milling cutter is studied with the support of the National Natural Science Foundation of China, "the mechanism of wave mechanics damage of high energy efficiency milling cutter and its multi-scale collaborative design method (51375124)", and the wear characteristics of cutting hardened steel by milling cutter are revealed. The process design method of high speed milling hardened steel surface is put forward. According to the sliding friction model of high speed ball end milling cutter, the characteristics of contact stress distribution between the cutting edge and the hardened steel protruding and concave surface before and after the milling cutter are studied, and the wear model of milling cutter based on the principle of friction work is established. The calculation of tool face wear after milling cutter is realized. Combined with the wear test of high speed cutting hardened steel milling cutter, the effects of milling mode, machining inclination and vibration on the wear of milling cutter are obtained. The wear characteristics of milling cutter under different working conditions are studied by the impact wear test of cutter face before and after milling cutter. The multi-hardness splicing convex-concave surface hardened steel specimen was designed, the performance of high-speed milling cutter was tested, the vibration characteristic of cutting hardened steel milling cutter was analyzed, and the optimization method of high-speed milling hardened steel die technology was put forward. In order to solve the problem of fuzziness and uncertainty in service performance evaluation of milling cutter cutting hardened steel. In order to reduce the tool wear problem in high speed milling of hardened steel, the life evaluation model of milling cutter efficiency was established, and the influence of interaction between machining efficiency and tool life on the process of high speed milling hardened steel was revealed. The technology design method of high speed cutting hardened steel is put forward, which is based on the safety and stability of milling cutter and the aim of improving efficiency life. The high life and high cutting efficiency of high speed milling hardened steel tool are realized.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：TG54
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