难加工材料超声珩磨加工的机理及试验研究

发布时间：2019-04-03 06:01

【摘要】：超声珩磨加工机理及声振系统的研究是现代切削技术及应用的一个重要研究方向,目的是突破传统的单一纵向振动,实现纵弯、纵扭、双弯曲复合振动。复合振动中刀具独特的运动轨迹不但有助于排屑,而且有利于切削液对加工区进行冷却、润滑、清洗,避免切屑对已加工表面的划伤,提高加工质量和加工效率。本文在分析纵扭超声振动珩磨加工机理的基础上,深入研究了超声振动珩磨声振系统的物理模型和振动特性。通过对纵扭超声振动珩磨运动模型的分析,建立了纵扭超声振动珩磨振动传递系统的数学模型,借助于有限元分析软件ANSYS对模型进行了模态分析、瞬态动力学分析和谐响应分析,并运用其后处理模块对数值模拟结果进行了图形及曲线描述,为纵扭超声珩磨声振系统的结构设计和性能优化提供了理论依据。在有限元分析的基础上,对振动传递系统进行了试验研究。通过反复检测振动传递系统中传振杆、弯曲振动圆盘、斜槽等组成部分的振幅和谐振频率,找出各因素对振幅和频率的影响趋势,依据试验数据得到所设计的振动传递系统的最佳工艺参数,试验研究结果与有限元分析结果基本相符。本文利用自行设计制造的超声珩磨装置对难加工材料钛合金TC4进行了加工试验,用对比试验和正交试验的方法分析超声振动珩磨和普通珩磨的加工效果,分析加工参数变化对超声珩磨加工效果的影响,得到了钛合金在超声珩磨加工中的最佳工艺参数。本文将纵扭超声振动应用于珩磨加工,为零件内孔表面精加工提供了一种新的工艺方法。
[Abstract]:The research of ultrasonic honing mechanism and acoustic vibration system is an important research direction of modern cutting technology and application. The aim is to break through the traditional single longitudinal vibration and realize longitudinal bending, longitudinal torsional and double bending compound vibration. The unique movement path of the cutting tool in composite vibration is not only helpful for chip removal, but also helpful for the cutting fluid to cool, lubricate and clean the machining zone, to avoid the chip scratches on the machined surface, and to improve the machining quality and efficiency. On the basis of analyzing the mechanism of longitudinal torsional ultrasonic vibration honing, the physical model and vibration characteristics of ultrasonic vibration honing system are deeply studied in this paper. By analyzing the motion model of longitudinal-torsional ultrasonic vibration honing, the mathematical model of vibration transfer system of longitudinal-torsional ultrasonic vibration honing is established, and the modal analysis of the model is carried out by means of finite element analysis software ANSYS. The transient dynamic analysis and harmonious response analysis are carried out, and the numerical simulation results are described by using the post-processing module, which provides a theoretical basis for the structural design and performance optimization of the longitudinal-torsional ultrasonic honing system. On the basis of finite element analysis, the vibration transfer system is studied experimentally. By repeatedly detecting the amplitude and resonant frequency of the components of the vibration transfer system, such as the rod, the bending vibration disk and the inclined groove, the influence trend of each factor on the amplitude and frequency is found out. According to the experimental data, the optimum technological parameters of the designed vibration transfer system are obtained, and the experimental results are basically in agreement with the results of finite element analysis. In this paper, a self-designed ultrasonic honing device is used to process the hard-to-machined titanium alloy TC4. The machining effects of ultrasonic vibration honing and ordinary honing are analyzed by means of contrast test and orthogonal test. The influence of machining parameters on ultrasonic honing is analyzed, and the optimum technological parameters of titanium alloy in ultrasonic honing are obtained. In this paper, the longitudinal-torsional ultrasonic vibration is applied to honing, which provides a new technology for finishing the inner hole surface of parts.
【学位授予单位】：西安石油大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TG580.67

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