基于不同旋转磁场发生器的磁性珩磨头设计及对比试验研究

发布时间：2019-04-21 13:38

【摘要】：不锈钢管由于具有强度高、耐腐蚀性强和耐热性好等优点，被广泛地用作石油、化工、医疗、食品、轻工和机械仪器与仪表等工业输送管道或机械结构部件。然而，在不锈钢管的实际生产过程中往往要经过高温固溶处理，这就使得在不锈钢管的表面极易形成一层组织致密且坚硬，并且与基体结合牢固的氧化皮[1]。正是由于氧化皮的存在，使得其在一些领域的应用受到限制，如何快速、有效地去除不锈钢管内表面的氧化皮，同时提高其内表面的质量，对提高不锈钢管的自身价值及拓宽其应用领域都具有重大的实际意义。磁力珩磨技术是一项充分结合了磁技术与珩磨技术各自优点的内表面光整加工新方法。它巧妙地借助于磁场之间的相互作用力来驱动磁性珩磨头在不锈钢管内腔运动，既可克服传统加工对工件的运动要求以及珩磨中珩磨杆刚度受限等问题，同时又能较好地发挥磨削的效率高以及加工后的工件表面质量高等优点。尤其，对于那些由于结构的特殊性，在加工中难以运动的不锈钢管其内表面氧化皮的去除难题可得到有效的解决。此外，对于其它一般长圆形管状类零件的内表面加工，它也将是一种非常行之有效的加工新方式。本文以解决由于结构的特殊性在加工过程中难以运动的不锈钢管内表面氧化皮的去除难题为研究目的。在前期研究的基础之上，针对在以往研究及试验中采用电磁定子式旋转磁场发生器所出现的定子发热严重的问题： 1)提出采用另外一种形式的旋转磁场发生器(即永磁机械式)来驱动磁性珩磨头旋转，以解决电磁定子式定子发热严重所导致的单次连续加工时间受限的问题。 2)为了对比两者的实际加工效果，在原有设备的基础上，设计并搭建了基于永磁机械式旋转磁场发生器的磁力珩磨系统，并设计了与之配套的磁性珩磨头。 3)借助磁场有限元分析软件Ansoft，针对基于两种不同形式磁场发生器下的磁力珩磨系统分别进行了有限元建模与磁场分析，通过对分析结果与理论计算值的比较，验证了磁力珩磨加工的可行性。 4)围绕两种不同形式磁场发生器下的磁力珩磨系统分别进行了磁力珩磨加工试验，并针对三种不同材料的珩磨油石，在两种不同转速以及是否有冷却液等部分加工工艺参数进行了探索。试验结果显示：采用永磁机械式旋转磁场发生器下的磁力珩磨系统，能够很好地避免电磁定子式发热严重所导致的单次连续加工受限的问题，且由于其永磁磁极的位置径向可调，不仅可适用于一定范围内不同直径工件的加工，，而且工件在加工前后进行装卸时的操作性也更好。
[Abstract]:Stainless steel tubes are widely used as industrial transportation pipes or mechanical structural components such as petroleum, chemical, medical, food, light industrial and mechanical instruments and instruments because of their advantages of high strength, strong corrosion resistance and good heat resistance. However, in the actual production process of stainless steel pipe, high temperature solution treatment is often required, which makes it easy to form a dense and hard layer of oxide coating on the surface of stainless steel pipe, and the oxide scale is firmly bonded with the matrix [1]. It is because of the existence of oxide scale that its application in some fields is limited. How to quickly and effectively remove the oxide scale on the inside surface of stainless steel tube and improve the quality of its inner surface at the same time? It is of great practical significance to improve the value of stainless steel pipe and widen its application field. Magnetic honing technology is a new method of inner surface finishing, which combines the advantages of magnetic technology and honing technology. It skillfully drives the magnetic honing head to move in the inside cavity of stainless steel by means of the interaction force between magnetic fields. It can not only overcome the motion requirement of traditional machining to the workpiece, but also overcome the limited stiffness of honing rod in honing. At the same time, it can give full play to the advantages of high grinding efficiency and high surface quality of machined workpiece. Especially, the problem of removing the oxide scale on the inner surface of stainless steel tube, which is difficult to move in the machining, can be effectively solved due to the special structure of the stainless steel tube. In addition, it will be a very effective new way to process the inner surface of other general oblong tubular parts. The purpose of this paper is to solve the problem of removing the surface oxide scale of stainless steel tube, which is difficult to move in the process of machining due to the particularity of the structure. On the basis of previous research, In view of the serious problem of stator heating caused by electromagnetic stator rotating magnetic field generator used in previous researches and experiments: 1) another kind of rotating magnetic field generator (permanent magnet mechanical type) is put forward. Drive the magnetic honing head to rotate, In order to solve the problem of single continuous machining time limitation caused by the serious heating of stator of electromagnetic stator. 2) in order to compare the actual machining effect, the magnetic honing system based on the permanent magnet mechanical rotating magnetic field generator is designed and built on the basis of the original equipment, and the matching magnetic honing head is designed. 3) the finite element modeling and magnetic field analysis of the magnetic honing system based on two kinds of magnetic field generators are carried out with the help of the magnetic field finite element analysis software Ansoft, and the results are compared with the theoretical calculated values. The feasibility of magnetic honing is verified. 4) the honing test of magnetic honing system based on two different kinds of magnetic field generator is carried out, and the honing stone of three different materials is studied. The processing parameters of two kinds of different rotational speed and whether there is coolant and so on are explored. The experimental results show that the magnetic honing system based on the permanent magnet mechanical rotating magnetic field generator can avoid the limitation of single continuous machining caused by the serious heating of electromagnetic stator type. Because the position of permanent magnet pole is radial adjustable, it can not only be applied to the machining of workpieces with different diameters within a certain range, but also be operated better when the workpiece is loaded and unloaded before and after machining.
【学位授予单位】：太原理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TG589

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