水性环保切削液的研究及其碱性电解水装备设计

发布时间：2019-04-26 21:47

【摘要】：本文中主要对表面活性剂、助表面活性剂、防锈剂、消泡剂的种类和用量进行讨论,探究了环保性切削液的配方,并对探究出配方的水性环保切削液按照GB/T6144-85质量指标进行测试。实验结果表明:试剂A和试剂B按质量比为1:1混合作为复合乳化剂,且复合乳化剂与植物基润滑油的质量比为3:1时可以较好的乳化植物基润滑油;以试剂C、试剂D和试剂E质量比为7:6:1混合形成复合防锈剂,且稀释为质量浓度为15%时对铸铁单片叠片均具有良好的防锈效果;消泡剂选择试剂F,且100 g原液中加入0.2 g试剂F即可达到消泡要求。考虑到切削液的防锈、润滑、稳定性、消泡性等,切削液配方为:植物基润滑油含量为10%-20%,试剂A和试剂B按质量比为1:1混合的复合表面活性剂含量为35%-50%,试剂C、试剂D、试剂E按质量比为7:6:1混合的复合防锈剂含量为15-20%,消泡剂试剂F含量为0.1%-0.2%,以及少量的杀菌剂、无机盐和水,浓缩液外观为黄色透明液体。配置好的切削油进行各项指标测试,结果符合国标GB/T6144-85质量指标要求。此次配方设计为工厂横向项目,在实际使用中多切割钢铁,且操作中发现使用碱性电解水稀释切削液浓缩液对钢铁的防锈效果较好,故在实验中研究了碱性电解水的装备设计、操作步骤、维修和使用注意事项,实验表明碱性电解水制备装置中包含软水制备、电解和切削液与碱性电解水混合部分,研制的装置可以很好的满足生产要求。实验中根据研制的碱性电解水的装备,还探讨了碱性电解水的制备条件。通过探讨了离子电解槽块数、电解液种类及电解液浓度几个因素变化条件下,碱性电解水pH值随电压的变化情况。结果表明选用两块离子电解槽串联,电解液为K2CO3溶液,其质量浓度为0.5%,电解电压为21 V时可快速制得pH值为11.55的电解碱水。实验中对电解碱水稳定性测定,得出新制的电解碱水在封闭条件下可以短时间保存,为保证使用效果最好现配现用。
[Abstract]:In this paper, the types and dosage of surfactant, cosurfactant, rust inhibitor and defoamer are discussed, and the formulation of environmentally friendly cutting fluid is explored. And to explore the formula of water-based environmental protection cutting fluid according to the GB/T6144-85 quality index to test. The results showed that the mixture of reagent A and reagent B was 1:1 as compound emulsifier, and the mass ratio of compound emulsifier to plant-based lubricating oil was 3: 1, and the better emulsified vegetable-based lubricating oil could be obtained by mixing the mixture of reagent A and reagent B at the mass ratio of 1:1. When the mass ratio of reagent C, reagent D and reagent E was 7:6:1, the compound antirust agent was formed, and when diluted to 15%, it had good antirust effect on cast iron veneer. The defoaming agent F is selected, and 0.2 g reagent F is added to 100 g of the original solution to meet the requirement of defoaming. Taking into account the antirust, lubrication, stability and defoaming properties of the cutting fluid, the formulation of the cutting fluid is as follows: the content of plant-based lubricating oil is 10% to 20%, The content of compound surfactant mixed with reagent A and reagent B at 1:1 was 35% ~ 50%, and the content of compound antirust agent mixed with reagent C, reagent D and reagent E at 7:6:1 was 15 / 20%. Defoaming agent F content is 0.1% and 0.2%, and a small amount of fungicide, inorganic salt and water, concentrated liquid appearance is yellow transparent liquid. The configured cutting oil was tested and the results were in accordance with the GB/T6144-85 quality index of the national standard. The formulation design is a horizontal project in the factory, and it is found that using alkaline electrolytic water diluted cutting fluid concentrate has a good anti-rust effect on iron and steel in practical use. Therefore, the equipment design of alkaline electrolytic water is studied in the experiment, and the equipment design of alkaline electrolytic water is studied in the experiment, and the equipment design of alkaline electrolytic water is studied in the experiment. The experimental results show that the alkaline electrolytic water preparation device consists of soft water preparation, the mixed part of electrolytic and cutting fluid and alkaline electrolytic water, and the developed device can meet the production requirements very well. The experimental results show that the basic electrolytic water preparation device includes soft water preparation, electrolytic and cutting fluid and alkaline electrolytic water mixing part. In the experiment, according to the equipment of alkaline electrolytic water, the preparation conditions of alkaline electrolytic water were discussed. The variation of pH value of alkaline electrolytic water with voltage was discussed under the condition of the number of cell blocks, electrolyte types and electrolyte concentration. The results show that the electrolyzed alkaline water with pH value of 11.55 can be quickly prepared by using two ion electrolyzers in series, the electrolyte is K2CO3 solution, the mass concentration is 0.5%, and the electrolysis voltage is 21 V. In the experiment, the stability of electrolytic alkaline water was determined, and it was concluded that the new electrolytic alkaline water could be stored for a short time under the condition of sealing, and it was best to be used in the present in order to ensure the use of the new electrolytic alkaline water.
【学位授予单位】：武汉工程大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TG501.5

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