多棱圆锥刀柄接触特性的研究

发布时间：2019-06-20 12:42

【摘要】：高速刀柄是现代高速加工机床的重要组成部分。主轴与刀柄接口技术水平决定了工件的加工精度和加工效率，甚至影响刀具使用寿命。目前，在机械加工领域中，对机床主轴转速要求逐步提升，进而对工具系统可靠性也提出了进一步的要求。多棱圆锥刀柄为高速加工领域中应用最广泛的刀柄之一，其锥部为类三棱结构，棱处为圆弧过渡。这种结构不但可以保持良好的对中性，装拆方便，且应力集中小、传递扭矩较大。本文研究重点为多棱圆锥刀柄的接触特性。从多棱圆锥刀柄连接型面基本理论入手，本文研究了其无键连接的工作原理以及型面的相关计算，在此基础上分析了多棱圆锥刀柄接触特性，最后进行了多棱圆锥刀柄锥度测量实验，主要进行如下研究：（1）根据多棱圆锥刀柄连接型面的基本特征，分析三棱型面刀柄的工作原理，研究多棱锥柄截面极惯性矩的计算方法，推导锥柄剪应力计算公式，，建立多棱锥柄扭转刚度模型，依据此模型推导锥柄与主轴接触压力计算公式。（2）研究多棱圆锥刀柄与主轴配合的接触特性。根据多棱刀柄夹紧方式应用UG软件建立多棱圆锥刀柄与主轴装配的模型，并依据此模型应用AnsysWorkbench分析拉紧力对锥面和端面的接触应力影响和棱锥面和非棱锥面的等效应力的差别。通过改变刀柄和主轴锥角公差得到不同过盈量下装配模型，再进行多棱锥柄不同过盈量下扭转刚度和径向刚度的分析。（3）进行多棱圆锥刀柄锥柄重要参数的测量，使用高精度三坐标测量锥柄重要参数的方法，针对PSK-63型刀柄编写测量程序，分析测量三棱轮廓曲线及锥度参数报告。通过上述研究为多棱圆锥刀柄的制造和新型高速工具系统的研发提供理论基础。
[Abstract]:High speed tool handle is an important part of modern high speed machining machine tool. The technical level of the interface between the spindle and the tool handle determines the machining accuracy and efficiency of the workpiece, and even affects the service life of the tool. At present, in the field of machining, the spindle speed of machine tool is gradually improved, and then the reliability of tool system is also put forward. Multi-prism conical shank is one of the most widely used tool shank in the field of high-speed machining. Its cone part is trigonous structure, and the edge is arc transition. This structure can not only maintain good neutral, convenient assembly and disassembly, but also has small stress concentration and large transmission torque. In this paper, the contact characteristics of multi-prism conical tool shank are studied. Based on the basic theory of multi-prism conical shank connection surface, the working principle of keyless connection and the related calculation of multi-prism conical shank are studied in this paper. On this basis, the contact characteristics of multi-prism conical shank are analyzed. Finally, the taper measurement experiment of multi-prism conical shank is carried out. The main research is as follows: (1) according to the basic characteristics of the connecting surface of multi-prism conical shank, the working principle of triangular conical shank is analyzed. This paper studies the calculation method of polar moment of inertia of multi-prism conical shank section, deduces the calculation formula of shear stress of conical shank, establishes the torsional stiffness model of multi-prism conical shank, and deduces the formula of contact pressure between conical shank and spindle according to this model. (2) the contact characteristics between the multi-prism conical tool handle and the spindle are studied. According to the clamping mode of multi-edge tool handle, the assembly model of multi-prism conical tool handle and spindle is established by UG software. According to this model, the influence of tension force on the contact stress of cone and end face and the difference of equivalent stress between pyramid surface and non-pyramid surface are analyzed by AnsysWorkbench. The assembly model with different interference is obtained by changing the cone angle tolerance of tool handle and spindle, and then the torsional stiffness and radial stiffness of multi-pyramid handle with different interference are analyzed. (3) the important parameters of conical shank with multi-prism conical shank are measured, and the measurement program is compiled for PSK- 63 tool shank by using the method of measuring the important parameters of conical shank with high precision, and the measurement of trigonous profile curve and taper parameter report are analyzed. The above research provides a theoretical basis for the manufacture of multi-prism conical tool shank and the research and development of a new high-speed tool system.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TG502.3

【参考文献】