自旋调控技术研究及绝热量子算法的核磁共振实现

发布时间：2018-01-05 23:00

本文关键词：自旋调控技术研究及绝热量子算法的核磁共振实现　出处：《中国科学技术大学》2012年博士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：自旋控制技术是量子计算实验研究中的主要挑战之一,本文首先介绍了基于核磁共振技术控制多个核自旋实现小规模量子计算任务,包括绝热量子算法和量子模拟算法的实验实现。然后介绍了我们在电子自旋调控实验平台的搭建过程中开发和积累的相关技术,主要包括脉冲控制技术,微波调制技术以及软件控制技术。尽管核磁共振技术在实现扩展性量子计算问题上存在限制,核自旋调控仍然是小比特上最为成熟的自旋调控技术。到现在为止,核磁共振量子计算平台上能够实现12个量子比特的制备,7个量子比特的Shor算法也已经实现。因此核磁共振体系是在小比特上验证量子计算理论和算法的理想试验平台。本人在攻读博士学位期间利用核磁共振技术开展了绝热量子算法和化学量子模拟方面的实验研究。在绝热量子算法方面,我们先简单介绍了绝热量子算法的历史和原理,然后介绍了我们利用绝热量子算法处理大数分解问题的研究以及利用该算法实现了迄今最大数字143的因子分解。在量子模拟方面,本文主要介绍了我们利用量子模拟计算化学系统的属性和过程。其中包括利用量子相位估计算法计算氢气分子的基态能量值的实验,以及利用量子傅里叶变换技术模拟的化学异构反应的过程。除了核自旋调控研究以外,本人在攻读博士学位期间参与了多台自制电子自旋共振实验平台的搭建,包括x波段脉冲式电子顺磁共振(EPR)谱仪和S波段脉冲式光探测磁共振(ODMR)谱仪等。在研制过程中本人负责研发了软件控制部分以及针对自旋调控的脉冲控制和微波控制技术。控制软件平台采用组件化设计,通过更换不同的功能组件实现不同的实验控制方式,同时实现了多线程工作和图形化编程。脉冲控制技术方面,为了弥补商用产品的不足,我们研发了纳秒级控制精度的脉冲产生设备,能够实现1ns为单位的任意方波脉冲形状。除此之外,我们利用DDS技术实现了X波段和S波段的调制脉冲产生装置,用于电子调控过程中发射不规则形状微波脉冲,比如高斯型,sinc型等。
[Abstract]:Spin control technology is one of the main challenges in the experimental study of quantum computing, this paper first introduces the NMR technique to control a plurality of small scale nuclear spin quantum computation based on task, including adiabatic quantum algorithm and quantum algorithm simulation experiment. And then introduces the related technologies of our development and accumulation in the process of building the electronic spin control experimental platform in the main, including pulse modulation control technology, microwave technology and software control technology.
Despite the existence of limit calculation of NMR in the realization of scalable quantum problems, nuclear spin spin control regulation is still the most mature technology of small bits. Up to now, NMR quantum computing platform to achieve the 12 qubit preparation, 7 quantum Shor algorithm has also been achieved. Therefore. Nuclear magnetic resonance system is an ideal test platform to verify quantum computing theory and algorithm in small bits.
In my doctor carried out during the adiabatic quantum algorithm and quantum chemical simulation experiment using nuclear magnetic resonance technology in adiabatic quantum algorithm, we introduce the history and principle of adiabatic quantum algorithm, and then introduces the research we use the adiabatic quantum algorithm to deal with large numbers of the decomposition problem and achieve the biggest factor figure 143 decomposition by using the algorithm. In the simulation of quantum, this paper mainly introduces the properties and process of simulation using the quantum computational chemistry system. Including the estimation of the ground state energy of molecular hydrogen calculation algorithm of the values of experiment using quantum phase, and chemical reaction process of heterogeneous simulation using quantum Fu Liye transform technique.
In addition to study nuclear spin regulation, during my PhD in building multiple homemade electron spin resonance experiment platform, including the X band pulsed electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectrometer and S band pulsed optically detected magnetic resonance (ODMR) spectroscopy. In the process of development I am responsible for the development of the the software control part and pulse control and microwave for spin control. The control software platform using component-based design, through the realization of the experiment with different control methods to replace the function of different components, and realize multi thread work and graphical programming. The pulse control technology, in order to make up for lack of commercial products, we developed a nanosecond the control precision of pulse generating equipment, to achieve 1ns for unit pulse of arbitrary shape. In addition, we use DDS technology to realize the pulse modulation of X band and S band A punching device used to emit irregular shaped microwave pulses in the process of electronic control, such as the Gauss type, the sinc type, etc.

【学位授予单位】：中国科学技术大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：TP38;O482.532

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