基于FPGA的雷达回波采集存储系统设计

发布时间：2018-01-11 21:09

本文关键词：基于FPGA的雷达回波采集存储系统设计　出处：《中北大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：雷达回波数据对现代雷达的研制工作有重要意义,同时对回波数据的分析是雷达应用的基础。本文结合实验室课题的具体指标要求,针对应用于弹载、机载、船载等特殊领域下的雷达,设计了基于FPGA的雷达回波采集存储设备对其雷达回波数据进行实时高速采集、抗干扰传输与可靠存储,供事后对数据回读并做相应分析。在对被采集信号进行分析、建模、仿真的基础之上,并结合具体指标要求。采用将采编单元与存储单元分离,两者之间通过LVDS信号形式进行传输的总体方案。采编单元上电启动后开始工作,将经AD采集转换处理后的数字量送至存储单元,存储单元在接收到启动信号之后对数据进行接收并存储。存储方式采用FIFO缓存、FLASH存储阵列与并行流水线操作方式。分别使用ISE14.7与Cadence16.5对系统的软硬件模块进行设计与实现,包括有AD模块、接口转化、FPGA控制、存储模块、电源模块、读数模块、上位机等部分。对可能影响系统可靠性的各类因素进行了分析,并将这些分析结果与思想贯穿整个系统设计过程。主要选择对系统可靠性影响最大的两类因素进行分析:1指标规定了存储单元的外壳体的尺寸,进而限制实际放置PCB板的空间大小。选取PCB板中的几组关键信号进行反射与串扰的仿真,在仿真基础上做出规则限制,按照限制后的规则进行布局布线,并得出系统在当前频率条件下,信号质量良好,无明显失真现象;2对机械结构进行合理的设计,采用两层壳体与二级壳体灌封的方式对电路板进行保护,对机械材料的选择与工艺处理进行了介绍。通过分析最大程度的保证设备的稳定性与可靠性。最后对系统进行了功能仿真与性能验证,结果表明:本文设计的雷达回波采集存储设备可以稳定可靠的采集记录数据,达到了采样速率10Msps、精度14位、存储容量64GB的技术指标,并具有采集与存储分离、抗振动抗冲击、高可靠性的特点。
[Abstract]:Radar echo data is of great significance to the development of modern radar, and the analysis of echo data is the basis of radar application. Under the special field of shipborne radar, the radar echo acquisition and storage equipment based on FPGA is designed to collect the radar echo data in real time and high speed, anti-jamming transmission and reliable storage. On the basis of analyzing, modeling and simulation of the collected signals, and combining with the specific index requirements, the collection and compilation unit and the memory unit are separated. Between the two through the LVDS signal transmission of the overall scheme. The acquisition unit on the start of the start of work, the AD acquisition and conversion of the digital data to the memory unit. The storage unit receives and stores the data after receiving the start signal. The storage mode is FIFO cache. FLASH memory array and parallel pipeline operation mode. ISE14.7 and Cadence16.5 are used to design and implement the software and hardware modules of the system, including AD module. Interface conversion FPGA control, storage module, power module, reading module, host computer and other parts. The various factors that may affect the reliability of the system are analyzed. These analysis results and ideas run through the whole system design process. Two kinds of factors that have the greatest impact on the system reliability are selected to analyze the size of the housing of the storage cell. Then the space size of the actual PCB board is limited. Several key signals in the PCB board are selected to simulate the reflection and crosstalk, and the rules are made on the basis of the simulation. According to the restricted rules, the layout and routing are carried out, and it is concluded that under the current frequency condition, the signal quality is good and there is no obvious distortion. (2) reasonable design of mechanical structure, using two-layer shell and two-layer shell to protect the circuit board. The selection and processing of mechanical materials are introduced. The stability and reliability of the equipment are guaranteed by analyzing the maximum degree. Finally, the function simulation and performance verification of the system are carried out. The results show that the radar echo acquisition and storage device designed in this paper can collect and record data stably and reliably, and achieve the technical target of sampling rate of 10 Msps, accuracy of 14 bits and storage capacity of 64 GB. And has the collection and the storage separation, the vibration resists the shock, the high reliability characteristic.
【学位授予单位】：中北大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TN957.51;TP333

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