CPS系统的时空UML模型建模方法研究

发布时间：2018-01-12 07:39

本文关键词：CPS系统的时空UML模型建模方法研究　出处：《华东师范大学》2012年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：信息物理系统(Cyber-Physical System, CPS)是继20世纪IT革命后,对国内外信息技术领域产生深远影响的一类重要系统。如何对CPS系统进行建模以及如何捕捉并描述系统的CPS特性是目前国内外研究的热点和难点。在对CPS系统进行设计时,首要要求是要保证系统内各物理实体之间通讯的实时性,并且要求对物理实体的空间信息做记录处理以分析其空间特性。实时性的要求也反映了当前计算机科学和控制论结合研究中出现的一大难题：计算机科学的需求模型是用离散数学描述的,而控制论的模型是用微分方程和系统行为来描述的；控制对时间和空间的要求都十分敏感,而计算机则只关心具体功能的实现。这反映了控制论和计算机理论本质上的差异,如何将二者统一起来,亦即将连续系统和离散系统结合在一起也是CPS系统设计所面临的巨大挑战。这些要求决定了大多数现有研究都不能完全满足CPS系统的要求,因此需要提出一个全新的理论模型以解决这些重点难点问题。统一建模语言(Unified Modeling Language, UML)是一种面向对象的工业化建模语言。为增强UML语言的建模能力,UML在许多其他特定的专业领域又有不同的扩展概要文件(Profile),如针对实时嵌入式系统进行建模的MARTE概要文件(The UML Profile for Modeling and Analysis of Real-time and Embedded systems, MARTE)。MARTE作为UML的扩展概要文件,增强了UML针对实时嵌入式系统进行建模的能力。因此,对象管理组织(Object Management Group, OMG)采用了MARTE概要文件来取代原有的关于调度、性能和时间性质方面的UML概要文件。MARTE提出了一个详尽的、统一的时间结构模型,在该模型之中可以对连续时间和离散时间进行统一的建模。然而,MARTE缺少严格的形式化语法和语义说明,并且也没有提出将连续时间和离散时间统一的具体做法。这显然不能满足对实时性属性要求严格的CPS系统的设计需要。因此,本文在MARTE概要文件的基础上,结合混成自动机理论,提出一种新的UML状态图模型—时空UML状态图模型(Spatio-Temporal UML statechart, STUML statechart)。STUML状态图使用类型变量和类型表达式,其基本变量类型包括连续变量、离散变量和时钟变量,基本表达式类型有布尔表达式、微分表达式、时钟约束表达式和动作表达式。本文扩展了UML状态图中关于事件的定义。在STUML状态图中,我们将传统的事件定义扩展为CPS事件,扩展后的CPS事件增加了对事件发生点的地理位置信息的记录,以此来记录系统的空间信息。在此基础之上,本文给出了STUML状态图模型的形式化的语法和语义。该模型的形式化语法定义为一个十一元组,其中对警备条件、CPS事件、动作、活动、不变式等都给出了详细的形式化定义。STUML状态图模型的形式化语义包括安全语义和活性语义。STUML状态图的安全语义的定义基于标记迁移系统,而其活性语义则基于活性迁移系统给出。最后,在上述工作的基础上,以一个列车自动防护系统为例,对其进行建模和语义描述,具体说明了STUML状态图的用法和作用。
[Abstract]:The physical information system (Cyber-Physical System, CPS IT) following the twentieth Century revolution, one of the most important systems have a profound impact on the field of information technology at home and abroad. How to CPS system modeling and how to capture and describe the characteristics of CPS system is the hot point of research at home and abroad. And the difficulty in the design of the CPS system first, requirement is to ensure real-time communication between the system of the physical entities, and the requirements of spatial information on physical record processing to analyze its spatial characteristics. The real-time requirement also reflects the current computer science and control theory is a major problem in the study of computer Science: demand model is used to describe discrete mathematics and control theory, the model is used to describe the differential equations and the behavior of the system; control of time and space requirements are very sensitive, but the computer is only concerned with The realization of the specific function. This reflects the essential differences between control theory and computer theory, how to unify the two is discrete and continuous systems with huge challenges together in the design of CPS system. These require most of the existing research can not fully meet the requirements of CPS system, so we need to put forward a new theoretical model to solve these problems.
The unified modeling language (Unified Modeling, Language, UML) is an object-oriented modeling language. In order to enhance the industrial modeling ability of UML language, UML has extended profile different in many other specific fields, such as MARTE (Profile) profile modeling for real-time embedded system (The UML Profile for Modeling and Analysis of Real-time and Embedded systems, MARTE.MARTE) as an extension of the profile of UML, enhances the capability of UML for real-time embedded system modeling. Therefore, the object management group (Object Management, Group, OMG) using the MARTE profile to replace the original on schedule, performance and time properties of the UML profile.MARTE proposed a detailed, time structure model, the model can be unified modeling of discrete and continuous time. However, MARTE lacks strict formal syntax and semantic description, and there is no specific practice to integrate continuous time and discrete time. This obviously can not meet the design requirements of real-time CPS system.
Therefore, based on the MARTE profile, combined with the hybrid automaton theory, this paper proposes a new UML state diagram model - space-time UML state diagram model (Spatio-Temporal UML statechart, STUML statechart).STUML state diagram using type variables and type expressions, the basic types of variables include continuous variables, discrete variables and clock variables, basic the expression types are Boolean expressions, differential expression, clock constraint expressions and action expression. This paper extends the definition of events in a UML state diagram. In the STUML diagram, we will define the traditional event extension for the CPS event, the extended CPS event increases the likelihood of geographic information on the record of events, space in order to record information system. On this basis, this paper gives the syntax and semantics of STUML state model. The model of the formal formal The grammar is defined as a eleven tuple, the guard condition, CPS events, actions, activities, etc. are given a definition of security. The formal semantics of.STUML state diagram detailed formal definition of semantic security model including semantic and semantic activity of.STUML state diagram marking system based on migration, and its activity is based on Semantic activity the transport system is given. Finally, based on the above work, with an automatic train protection system as an example, the modeling and semantic description of the detailed description of the usage and function of STUML state diagram.

【学位授予单位】：华东师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：TP368.1

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