基于FPGA的CAN总线通讯仿真与测试平台

发布时间：2018-01-19 02:24

本文关键词： CAN分析仪 FPGA VHDL语言 SOPC 以太网通讯　出处：《上海师范大学》2013年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着物联网中各种电控单元之间信息交换需求的迅速增多，现场总线技术受到研究人员的极大关注。CAN（控制器局域网络，Controller Area Network）总线由于高可靠性、实时性和成本合理等优点而被大量应用于汽车电子、航天航空、工业测控等各个领域中。CAN总线通讯仿真与测试平台是CAN总线产品开发过程中的必备工具，用来构造基于开发-验证思想的V型开发流程，实现CAN总线产品的设计仿真、产品测试和故障检测，因此开发拥有自主知识产权、价格合理的CAN总线通讯仿真与测试平台具有很好的实用价值和应用前景。本文主要成果：（1）认真分析当今国际电子行业中CAN总线通讯仿真与测试平台的发展趋势，确定论文的写作主题；（2）仔细分析传统CAN分析仪的实现方法与技术，本论文采用FPGA（现场可编程门阵列，Field ProgrammableGate Array）SOPC(可编程片上系统，systemon a programmable chip）单芯片系统结构，定制用户IP核（知识产权核，IntellectualProperty Core），充分发挥FPGA并行处理能力，简化外设硬件电路；采用硬件加速机制提高应用程序执行效率，并简化程序代码；（3）以国际标准CAN2.0B为基础，认真分析CAN总线通讯原理与协议规范，并用VHDL(非常高速集成电路硬件描述语言，Very-High-Speed IntegratedCircuit Hardware Description Language)语言在FPGA中完成CAN控制器IP核的设计；（4）仔细分析传统CAN总线通讯仿真与测试平台的数据传输方式，充分考虑该平台对远程环境的支持，提出用以太网进行数据传输的方法。本文对当前CAN总线通讯仿真与测试平台的研究现状、CAN2.0B协议的通讯机制、传统CAN分析仪的硬件实现方式做了详细分析，，给出了CAN总线通讯与仿真测试平台的硬件、固件、软件的详细设计方案。用TCP/IP网络进行数据传输保证了仿真与检测时对数据传输速率的要求，也拓宽了产品的应用场合；通过FPGA控制完成通讯接口的设计，可扩展性好，灵活性强，稳定性高；在FPGA中添加Nios II处理器设计，使平台的体积和功耗都大为减少。
[Abstract]:With the rapid increase in the demand for information exchange between various electronic control units in the Internet of things, fieldbus technology has attracted a lot of attention from researchers. Controller Area Network (Controller Area Network) bus is widely used in automotive electronics and aerospace industry because of its high reliability, real-time performance and reasonable cost. Can bus communication simulation and test platform is an essential tool in the process of CAN bus product development, which is used to construct the V-shaped development process based on the idea of development-verification. CAN bus product design simulation, product testing and fault detection, so the development has its own intellectual property rights. The reasonable price CAN bus communication simulation and test platform has good practical value and application prospect. The main achievements of this paper are: 1) analyzing the development trend of CAN bus communication simulation and testing platform in the international electronic industry, and determining the writing theme of the thesis; In this paper, FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array) is used. Field ProgrammableGate Arrayn SOPC (system on Programmable Chip). Systemon a programmable chip system structure, customized user IP core (IP core). IntellectualProperty core can give full play to the parallel processing ability of FPGA and simplify the peripheral hardware circuit. Using hardware acceleration mechanism to improve the efficiency of application execution and simplify the program code; Based on the international standard CAN2.0B, the communication principle and protocol specification of CAN bus are carefully analyzed, and the very high speed integrated circuit hardware description language is used. Very-High-Speed IntegratedCircuit Hardware Description language). The IP core of CAN controller is designed in FPGA. 4) the data transmission mode of the traditional CAN bus communication simulation and test platform is analyzed in detail. Considering the support of the platform to the remote environment, the method of data transmission using Ethernet is put forward. In this paper, the communication mechanism of CAN2.0B protocol and the hardware implementation of traditional CAN analyzer are analyzed in detail. The detailed design of hardware, firmware and software of CAN bus communication and simulation test platform is given. The data transmission using TCP/IP network ensures the requirement of data transmission rate in simulation and detection. It also widens the application field of the product; The design of communication interface is completed by FPGA control, which has the advantages of good expansibility, high flexibility and high stability. By adding Nios II processor design to FPGA, the volume and power consumption of the platform are greatly reduced.
【学位授予单位】：上海师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：TP336

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