基于嵌入式系统的电源管理机制研究

发布时间：2018-01-20 09:01

本文关键词： 电源管理机制嵌入式系统动态变频策略 Linux　出处：《云南大学》2012年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着嵌入式系统的广泛应用,嵌入式系统的性能得到了快速的提高,但是电池的能耗问题成为了嵌入式技术继续发展的瓶颈。所以针对嵌入式系统的电源管理技术得到了学术界和产业界的广泛关注。论文首先对比分析了已有的三种主流电源管理机制：ACPI和DPM。 APM与ACPI强烈依赖于X86BIOS结构,所以不适用于嵌入式系统的电源管理。DPM如果定义了若干策略和一系列操作点,那么对于内存的占用是很大的,而且本身的设计造成了没有必要的复杂性。当系统允许两个以上进程时,如果这些进程需要的操作状态不同,当这些操作状态经常切换时,DPM就会不停的去切换操作点,由于进程切换的时间比较短,这就对变频与变压操作的要求非常高,要求变频与变压必须在很短的时间完成,大多数嵌入式系统达不到要求。所以目前三种机制都不适合大多数的嵌入式系统设备。动态电源管理把嵌入式系统看成状态机,把系统定义成若干工作状态,这些状态包括正常功耗工作状态和一个以上的低功耗工作状态,使系统动态的在几个工作状态之间转换。随着越来越多的嵌入式系统支持变频处理器,有必要把动态变频技术加入到电源管理机制中。而过去的研究注重于处理器的动态变频,而忽略的其他设备的动态变频,如内存的变频。针对以上问题,本文设计了一种基于嵌入式系统的电源管理机制,它支持动态状态切换与动态变频,并设计了一种基于CPU与内存操作频率的动态变频策略。论文在S3C2440平台上基于Linux系统实现了SLEEP模式,对嵌入式系统电源管理机制的实现具有一定的借鉴价值。
[Abstract]:With the wide application of embedded system, the performance of embedded system has been improved rapidly. However, battery energy consumption has become the bottleneck of the continued development of embedded technology, so the power management technology for embedded systems has been widely concerned by academia and industry. In this paper, we compare and analyze the existing three mainstream power management mechanisms:: ACPI and DPM. APM and ACPI strongly depend on X86 BIOS structure. Therefore, the power management. DPM, which is not suitable for embedded system, if it defines a number of policies and a series of operation points, then the memory consumption is very large. When the system allows for more than two processes, if these processes require different operation states, when these operation states often switch. DPM will continue to switch operation points, because the process switching time is relatively short, this is very high on the frequency conversion and voltage operation requirements, frequency conversion and voltage must be completed in a very short time. Most embedded systems do not meet the requirements, so the current three mechanisms are not suitable for most embedded system devices. Dynamic power management regards embedded system as a state machine and defines the system as several working states which include normal power working state and more than one low power working state. Make the system dynamically switch between several working states. As more and more embedded systems support frequency conversion processors. It is necessary to add the dynamic frequency conversion technology to the power management mechanism. The previous research focused on the dynamic frequency conversion of the processor, but ignored the dynamic frequency conversion of other devices, such as the frequency conversion of memory. In view of the above problems. This paper designs a power management mechanism based on embedded system, which supports dynamic state switching and dynamic frequency conversion. A dynamic frequency conversion strategy based on CPU and memory operation frequency is designed. The SLEEP mode is implemented based on Linux system on S3C2440 platform. It has certain reference value for the realization of the power management mechanism of embedded system.
【学位授予单位】：云南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：TP368.1;TP303.3

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