基于嵌入式Linux的门机监控终端的开发研究

发布时间：2018-01-31 03:59

本文关键词： 门机远程监控 ARM处理器嵌入式Linux 嵌入式GUI　出处：《武汉理工大学》2013年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：全球贸易的不断增加,对港口作业提高效率、降低成本提出了新的要求。港口起重机械是在港口货物装卸过程中提高生产率的重要工具。门机是我国港口应用最为广泛的装卸机械,其运行状态直接影响着港口的生产效率和经济效益。保证门机的安全运行,延长其使用寿命,预防意外事故的发生,实现状态监控的可靠性、自动化和智能化,是建设现代港口的必然要求。嵌入式处理器具有体积小、功耗低、成本低、处理速度快以及可移植性强等诸多优点,能够满足对实时性要求较高的网络组网和通信的需求。以嵌入式芯片为核心的工业监测和控制系统已经成为智能监控的重要发展趋势。本文以远程监控和嵌入式技术为基础,结合计算机科学、传感技术、无线通信技术和图形用户界面的相关研究成果,根据软硬件协同设计的思路,设计了门机远程监控终端的总体结构,实现了终端的软件功能和用户界面。论文首先分析了国内外起重机监控系统应用现状,从门机的机械构造、电气系统和作业流程3个方面做了需求分析,采用分布式监控模式,提出了门机监控终端的结构,即由数据采集、中央处理、输出控制和无线通信4个子系统组成,各子系统之间通过RS-232总线连接,采用Modbus协议作为数据通讯的标准。课题中硬件设备的选型由项目合作单位负责完成。接着,根据操作主体和功能需求的不同,论文把软件功能分为工作模式和管理员模式,分别对这两种模式的功能模块作了介绍。在确定了嵌入式应用程序和GUI的开发工具后,搭建了嵌入式Linux的开发环境,包括交叉编译工具的安装、Bootloader的移植、内核的编译和文件系统的加载；之后介绍了Qt开发工具的特点,完成了Qt的交叉编译和移植。之后,利用Qt Designer对监控终端两种模式的显示界面进行了可视化设计,用Qt开发工具做了显示功能的实现；以重量计算与幅度计算为特例,给出了数据处理模块的原理和过程,实现了输出控制模块的功能。最后,对监控终端做了集成测试,针对测试过程中发现的问题做出了改进,包括利用定时器和线程互斥锁防止键盘一次性输入过多的错误；加入了调节LCD亮度的模块,为门机操作员提供更人性化的工作条件。本文开发的门机监控终端以ARM处理器为控制核心,嵌入式Linux作为操作系统,通过3G无线网络与控制中心服务器进行远程通信。该终端具备门机工作状态信息采集、自动控制和报警提示功能,为用户提供了友好的交互界面,同时可以准确记录保存司机工作量,为绩效管理和统计分析决策提供依据。
[Abstract]:Increasing global trade has increased the efficiency of port operations. To reduce cost, new requirements are put forward. Port crane is an important tool to improve productivity in port cargo loading and unloading process. Door crane is the most widely used loading and unloading machinery in port of our country. Its running state directly affects the production efficiency and economic benefit of the port, ensures the safe operation of the door crane, prolongs its service life, prevents the accident, realizes the reliability, automation and intelligence of the state monitoring. It is an inevitable requirement for the construction of modern ports. Embedded processor has many advantages, such as small size, low power consumption, low cost, fast processing speed and strong portability. The industrial monitoring and control system with embedded chip as the core has become an important trend of intelligent monitoring and control. This paper based on remote monitoring and embedded technology, combined with computer science, sensing technology, wireless communication technology and graphical user interface research results, according to the idea of hardware and software co-design. The overall structure of the door crane remote monitoring terminal is designed, and the software function and user interface of the terminal are realized. Firstly, the paper analyzes the application status of crane monitoring system at home and abroad, from the mechanical structure of door crane, electrical system and operation process three aspects of the needs analysis, using the distributed monitoring mode. The structure of the door crane monitoring terminal is proposed, which is composed of four subsystems: data acquisition, central processing, output control and wireless communication. Each subsystem is connected by RS-232 bus. Modbus protocol is adopted as the standard of data communication. Then, according to the different operation subject and function requirement, the paper divides the software function into work mode and administrator mode. After defining the embedded application program and the development tools of GUI, the development environment of embedded Linux is built, including the installation of cross-compiling tools. Bootloader migration, kernel compilation and file system loading; Then, the characteristics of QT development tools are introduced, and the cross-compilation and transplantation of QT are completed. Then, the display interface of two modes of monitoring terminal is designed by using QT Designer, and the display function is realized with QT development tool. Taking weight calculation and amplitude calculation as special cases, the principle and process of data processing module are given, and the function of output control module is realized. Finally, the integration test of the monitoring terminal is done, and the problems found in the testing process are improved, including the use of timer and thread mutex lock to prevent the keyboard from inputting too many errors at one time. The module of adjusting LCD brightness is added to provide more humanized working conditions for gantry operator. In this paper, ARM processor is used as the control core and embedded Linux is used as the operating system. Through 3G wireless network and control center server for remote communication, the terminal has the functions of door crane working state information collection, automatic control and alarm and prompt, which provides a friendly interactive interface for users. At the same time, it can accurately record the workload of drivers and provide the basis for performance management and statistical analysis.
【学位授予单位】：武汉理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：TP368.1

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