基于ARM9的嵌入式Linux系统移植与驱动开发

发布时间：2018-03-03 02:14

本文选题：嵌入式　切入点：Linux系统　出处：《南京邮电大学》2013年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着信息技术的不断发展，嵌入式系统已经广泛应用于工业和家庭的各个领域。其复杂性也随之不断增加，嵌入式操作系统成为了嵌入式系统中最重要的组成部分之一。在嵌入式操作系统中，Linux操作系统得到了越来越多的关注，Linux系统开源、具有精简的内核以及优异的性能。另外，Linux2.6包含许多新的特性，为其在嵌入式领域的应用提供了更多更好的支持，嵌入式Linux系统将会有巨大的市场价值以及应用前景。本文基于南京某电力公司自动抄表系统，对负荷控制管理终端平台进行了Linux系统移植以及对LCD等外围设备的驱动开发。本系统的CPU采用ATMEL公司的以ARM926T为内核的AT91SAM9260EK处理器。采用了基于2.6内核版本的嵌入式ARM Linux，最终完成基于ARM9的嵌入式Linux系统移植开发。具体包括搭建开发平台，建立嵌入式交叉编译环境；在分析嵌入式系统引导加载程序BootLoader的基础上，结合本目标板修改Uboot源码并进行Uboot的编译和移植；通过分析嵌入式Linux系统的内核结构和启动流程，实现了针对本目标板的内核源码修改、编译以及移植；同时按照应用需求，选择YAFFS2文件系统作为根文件系统，并给出根文件系统实现的过程；最后开发终端外围设备相应的驱动程序，重点围绕LCD（UC1698U）展开，改进原来直接读写GPIO口的驱动方式，采取直接读写GPIO和帧缓冲相结合的方式开发新的驱动程序。帧缓冲是一块显示缓存，通过向该缓存中写入数据，显示控制器就会自动的从中读取数据并显示出来，在LCD设备上基于Qt的图形用户界面的开发也需要帧缓冲技术的支持。但对于本类型的LCD，显示控制器并不能自动完成缓冲区数据读取，本文从软件的角度借助内核定时器最终完成缓冲区更新并实时显示，，最后开发基于Qt/Embedded的用户图形测试界面。
[Abstract]:With the development of information technology, embedded system has been widely used in various fields of industry and home, and its complexity has been increasing. Embedded operating system has become one of the most important components of embedded system. Linux operating system has received more and more attention in embedded operating system. Linux system is open source, with compact kernel and excellent performance. In addition, Linux 2.6 includes many new features. It provides more and better support for its application in embedded field. Embedded Linux system will have great market value and application prospect. Based on the automatic meter reading system of a Nanjing electric power company, The load control and management terminal platform is transplanted into Linux system and the driver of peripheral devices such as LCD is developed. The CPU of this system adopts the AT91SAM9260EK processor based on ARM926T kernel of ATMEL Company and the embedded system based on 2.6 kernel version. ARM Linux, the final completion of the development of embedded Linux system transplantation based on ARM9. Based on the analysis of the embedded system boot loader BootLoader, the Uboot source code is modified and compiled and transplanted with the target board, and the kernel structure and startup process of the embedded Linux system are analyzed. The kernel source code of the target board is modified compiled and transplanted and the YAFFS2 file system is selected as the root file system according to the application requirements and the implementation process of the root file system is given. Finally, the corresponding driver program of terminal peripheral equipment is developed, focusing on LCD-UC1698U) to improve the driving mode of direct reading and writing GPIO port. A new driver is developed by combining direct reading and writing GPIO with frame buffering. Frame buffering is a display cache. By writing data to the cache, the display controller will automatically read the data from it and display it. The development of graphical user interface based on QT on LCD devices also needs the support of frame buffering technology. But for this type of LCDs, the display controller can not automatically complete the buffer data reading. From the point of view of software, the buffer is updated and displayed in real time with the help of kernel timer. Finally, the user graphical test interface based on Qt/Embedded is developed.
【学位授予单位】：南京邮电大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：TP368.1;TP316.81

【引证文献】