光伏并网通信管理机的设计与实现

发布时间：2018-03-04 05:38

本文选题：光伏并网　切入点：通信管理机　出处：《北京交通大学》2013年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：近年来,随着计算机、通信、网络和嵌入式系统等技术的飞速发展,光伏并网监控系统所监控的现场设备在智能化和网络化水平上得到了进一步的提高。一方面,光伏电站现场设备厂家众多,虽然大多数厂家宣称采用Modbus通信规约,但是每个厂家根据自身的特点对Modbus通信规约做了不同的定义,因此电站设备通信规约的复杂多变带来了如何实现互操作和设备兼容的问题；另一方面,随着太阳能光伏电站规模性的投入建设和使用,现场设备的数量越来越多,设备数量不断增加需要更多的串口满足通信需求,因此,设计功能丰富、多路串口、多种规约、可靠性高、稳定性高的通信系统设备至关重要。本论文基于光伏并网设备多样化和规模化的发展趋势,根据光伏电站通信需求,在实现可靠通信和通信兼容的前提下,设计并实现一种具有多路串口和规约转化功能的通信设备,即光伏并网通信管理机。通信管理机主要由CPU主板、通信板、电源板等组成,CPU主板(4层板)采用ARM+FPGA的构架和嵌入式Linux操作系统,通过多路串口实现对整个光伏并网系统的信息采集,经过规约转换后集中送往当地后台或远方调度主站,同时将后台或主站命令传递给各测控装置,实现当地或远程控制。该通信管理机具有多串口、规约转化等特点,能够实现对现场各种设备的数据接收、数据处理、规约转换等功能,更好的服务于光伏电站的运行。论文在阅读了大量的国内外参考文献的基础上,从硬件和软件两个方面论述了光伏电站通信管理机的设计与实现。为了提高系统的可靠性、可扩展性和可移植性,软硬件均采用模块化设计。硬件重点阐述了总体设计和CPU主板、通信板等的原理图和PCB的设计与实现,同时为了配合CPU板工作,设计了485通信板和环境参数采集板：软件重点阐述了Linux下的规约转换的实现,以及通过FPGA编程实现ARM与FPGA的并行通信和多路串口。论文完成了光伏并网通信管理机的设计与实现,硬件方面主要完成了CPU主板、通信板以及环境参数采集板的原理图以及PCB的设计,软件方面完成了Modbus/TCP规约转换模块、ARM与FPGA并行通信模块以及多路串口的实现程序,实现了多路串口和规约转化以及数据的采集、集中和传输,最后通过仿真和搭建测试平台进行测试,对通信管理机的功能进行验证,结果表明通信管理机软硬件运行状况良好,设计达到了预期的效果。
[Abstract]:In recent years, with the rapid development of computer, communication, network and embedded system, the field equipment monitored by photovoltaic grid-connected monitoring system has been further improved in the level of intelligence and networking. There are many photovoltaic power plant field equipment manufacturers, although most of the manufacturers claim to adopt the Modbus communication protocol, but each manufacturer according to their own characteristics of the Modbus communication protocol has made a different definition. Therefore, the complex and changeable communication protocol of power plant equipment brings about the problem of how to achieve interoperability and compatibility. On the other hand, with the large-scale construction and use of solar photovoltaic power station, the number of field equipment is increasing. Increasing the number of equipment needs more serial ports to meet the requirements of communication. Therefore, it is very important to design communication system equipment with rich function, multiple serial ports, multiple protocols, high reliability and high stability. Based on the trend of diversification and scale of photovoltaic grid-connected equipment, according to the demand of photovoltaic power station, this paper realizes reliable communication and communication compatibility. Design and implement a kind of communication equipment with multi-channel serial port and protocol conversion function, namely photovoltaic grid-connected communication management machine, which is mainly composed of CPU motherboard and communication board. ARM FPGA and embedded Linux operating system are used to collect the information of the whole photovoltaic grid-connected system through multiple serial ports. After the protocol conversion, it is sent to the local backstage or remote dispatching main station. At the same time, the command of the background or main station is transferred to each measuring and controlling device to realize local or remote control. The communication management machine has the characteristics of multi-serial port and protocol transformation, which can realize the data receiving and data processing of all kinds of equipments in the field. Protocol conversion and other functions to better serve the operation of photovoltaic power plants. On the basis of reading a large number of references at home and abroad, this paper discusses the design and implementation of photovoltaic power station communication management machine from two aspects of hardware and software, in order to improve the reliability, expansibility and portability of the system. The hardware and software are designed by modularization. The overall design, the schematic diagram of CPU motherboard and communication board, and the design and realization of PCB are expounded. Meanwhile, in order to cooperate with CPU board, 485 communication board and environment parameter acquisition board are designed. The software focuses on the realization of protocol conversion under Linux, and the parallel communication between ARM and FPGA and multiple serial ports through FPGA programming. The paper has completed the design and implementation of the photovoltaic grid-connected communication management machine. In hardware, the schematic diagram of CPU motherboard, communication board and environmental parameter acquisition board and the design of PCB have been completed. In the aspect of software, the parallel communication module between arm and FPGA and the realization program of multi-channel serial port are completed, and the conversion of multi-channel serial port and protocol as well as the collection, centralization and transmission of data are realized. Finally, the function of the communication management machine is verified by simulation and test platform. The results show that the software and hardware of the communication management machine are running well and the design achieves the desired effect.
【学位授予单位】：北京交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：TM615;TP368.1

【参考文献】