基于ARM11的嵌入式linux系统移植与实现

发布时间：2018-03-16 22:40

本文选题：ARM　切入点：Linux　出处：《山东大学》2013年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：嵌入式系统是计算机技术重要组成部分之一,是数字化发展的一个重要方向,在工业控制和消费类电子等诸多领域具有广泛的应用。嵌入式系统可以衔接底层特殊硬件以及上层通用软件,保证应用软件延续PC机上通用性,以及用户对相关硬件的特殊要求。一般情况下,嵌入式系统需要对硬件匹配特殊的驱动程序,然后把API接口提交给系统,系统通过封装,转换为通用的API接口,给上层的应用软件使用。本文以ARM11处理器S3C6410和嵌入式系统linux为基础,设计一种支持C++应用软件的嵌入式系统。该系统可以实现用Qt Ctreator进行软件开发,将PC上的开发的软件通过交叉编译后直接在该系统上使用。由于linux系统支持多种架构的CPU,目前为止支持上百种型号的CPU,因此能够方便的应用于手机,掌上电脑,机顶盒,车载导航以及工业控制等智能数字产品中。本文的研究目的是将嵌入式linux操作系统移植带OK6410开发板,移植操作系统后能够建立应用程序开发环境开发应用程序,本文的重点研究将linux3.3.5内核版本移植OK6410开发板,使得开发的应用程序能够在此设备中运行,此系统也可以应用工业控制,安放监控,医疗器械以及智能传感器等方面的开发。从20世纪60年代嵌入式系统的出现和兴起,经过了几十年的发展,嵌入式系统的应用领域不断扩大,人们对嵌入式应用的需求越来越高,这使得嵌入式软件变得越来越复杂。为了满足应用需求,增强系统的处理能力,4位、8位、16位嵌入式微处理器也逐步让位于32位嵌入式处理器。目前,嵌入式处理器主要有Am186/88.386EX、SC-400、PowerPC、68000、MIPS、ARM系列。采用ARM技术知识产权(IP)核的微处理器已广泛应用于工业控制、消费类电子产品、通信系统、网络系统、无线系统各个领域,基于ARM技术的微处理器约占32位RISC微处理器75%以上的市场份额。本课题首先论述了嵌入式操作系统的历史背景和发展历程,同时简要介绍了国内外关于这方面的研究现状以及未来的发展趋势。然后根据系统的移植过程,完成了整体的系统框架设计,最后,详细的描述了u-boot的编译于移植,linux驱动程序的设计,Qt库的编译于移植以及此平台上应用程序的开发流程。本课题涉及到的技术内容繁多,其中重点包括ARM处理器技术,u-boot引导技术以及嵌入式操作系统linux技术等。对于本人而言,这是一个很大的挑战,要在一个裸露的硬件上实现一个操作系统的运行,而且还要保证系统的各项性能的稳定性,各个模块之间的相互配合,实现更为复杂的控制功能。在硬件设计部分,为了降低开发成本和提高开发效率,本课题选用了飞凌的OK6410开发板作为硬件平台,在软件设计部分,本课题主要完成u-boot在S3C6410上的移植,linux在S3C6410上的移植以及Qt库在嵌入式linux系统上动态加载三部分的工作。本课题移植的嵌入式linux系统经测试能很好的运行Qt Creator开发的软件,具有很好的可靠性,达到了移植的预期目标。
[Abstract]:The embedded system is an important part of computer technology is an important direction of the development of the digital, has been widely used in industrial control and consumer electronics and other fields. The embedded system can connect the bottom of special hardware and the general software, which should continue on the PC universal software, and the special requirements of users of related hardware. In general, the embedded system needs to match the special hardware driver, and then submit API interface to the system, the system through the package, converted to a common API interface, used for the upper application software.
Based on the ARM11 processor S3C6410 and the embedded system Linux, this paper designs an embedded system supporting C++ application software. The system can realize the software development with Qt Ctreator, and directly use the software developed on PC through cross compilation.
Because the Linux system supports a variety of architecture CPU, support the hundreds of models of CPU so far, so it can be conveniently applied to mobile phone, palmtop computer, set-top boxes, digital products of intelligent vehicle navigation and industrial control etc.. The purpose of this study is to transplant embedded Linux operating system with OK6410 development board, the operating system transplantation after the establishment of environmental development and application of the application development process, this paper focus on the linux3.3.5 kernel version transplant OK6410 development board, the application development can run on this device, this system can also be used in industrial control, installation of monitoring, the development of medical devices and smart sensors.
From 1960s of the embedded system and the rise, after decades of development, the application of the embedded system continues to expand, the demand of embedded application is more and more high, this makes the embedded software is becoming more and more complex. In order to meet the application requirements, processing capacity, increasing system 4 bit, 8 bit, 16 bit embedded the microprocessor also gradually gave way to 32 bit embedded processor. The embedded processor mainly includes Am186/88.386EX, SC-400, PowerPC, 68000, MIPS, ARM series. The use of ARM technology intellectual property (IP) core microprocessor has been widely used in industrial control, consumer electronics, communication system, network system, wireless fields system ARM technology, microprocessor accounted for 32 bit RISC microprocessor based on more than 75% of the market share.
This paper first discusses the historical background and development of embedded operating system, and briefly introduces the present situation of research on this aspect at home and abroad and the future trend of development. Then according to the transplant process system, completed the design of the overall system framework, finally, a detailed description of the u-boot compiler to transplant linux driver design the program, compile the Qt library to transplantation and the platform application development process.
This paper relates to the technical content is various, which mainly includes ARM processor technology, u-boot technology and embedded operating system Linux technology. For me, this is a big challenge to achieve an operating system running on a bare hardware, but also to ensure the stability of the performance of the system. And the interaction between each module, to achieve more complex control functions.
In the part of hardware design, in order to reduce development costs and improve development efficiency, this paper selects the OK6410 development board deiling as hardware platform, the software design part, this thesis mainly completed the u-boot in the S3C6410 transplantation, Linux transplantation on S3C6410 and Qt database in the embedded Linux system on dynamic loading of the three part work. This topic transplant the embedded Linux system by testing the operation of the development of Qt Creator good software, has good reliability, to achieve the expected goal of transplantation.

【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：TP368.1;TP311.52

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