虚拟机内存轻量级检查点的研究

发布时间：2018-03-19 10:01

本文选题：检查点　切入点：写时复制　出处：《华中科技大学》2013年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着云计算的不断发展，云计算规模的不断扩大，云平台上提供的服务也越来越多.云计算成为了计算机领域一种新的机遇，而在带来机遇的同时，也不可避免地带来了挑战和问题。云平台上的安全问题变得至关重要，云故障可能带来灾难性的后果。虚拟机作为云平台上最基础的资源，虚拟机的安全问题不容忽视，目前普遍通过为虚拟机做检查点来保证虚拟机的安全，该技术广泛使用于容错及灾备技术中。针对传统的虚拟机检查点粒度大，做检查点时停机时间长的问题，采用排除空闲页面，写时复制技术和增量压缩检查点来解决传统虚拟机检查点的问题。做检查点的过程中，采用空闲页面排除技术，，可以找到虚拟机中的空闲页面同时避免保存这些页面，从而减少检查点的文件大小；写时复制技术可以减少虚拟机保存检查点过程中的停机时间，实现对虚拟机上的服务透明；增量压缩检查点技术可以使检查点的粒度变小，每次都只保存修改的页面部分，减少数据的冗余。这三项技术可以使检查点技术轻量级。实验结果表明，采用写时复制技术后，在Xen上做检查点可以减少停机时间，使做检查点这个过程对上层应用透明，做检查点的过程中，虚拟机的停机时间不超过300ms。采用内存排空技术和增量技术来做检查点，检查点文件的大小减少20%。这对于做检查点频率高的系统可以节省不少资源。
[Abstract]:With the development of cloud computing and the expansion of cloud computing scale, more and more services are provided on cloud platforms. Cloud computing has become a new opportunity in the field of computer, and it brings opportunities at the same time. It inevitably brings challenges and problems. Security issues on cloud platforms become critical, cloud failures can bring disastrous consequences. Virtual machines as the most basic resource on the cloud platform, the security problems of virtual machines can not be ignored. At present, the security of virtual machine is ensured by checkpointing for virtual machine, which is widely used in fault tolerance and disaster preparedness technology. Aiming at the problem of large granularity and long downtime of checkpointing in traditional virtual machine, the problem of checkpointing of traditional virtual machine is solved by eliminating free pages, copying at write time and incremental compression checkpoint. By using the free page exclusion technique, we can find the free pages in the virtual machine and avoid saving these pages, thus reducing the file size of the checkpoint, and the write-time replication technology can reduce the downtime during the virtual machine saving checkpoint. The incremental compression checkpoint technology can make the granularity of checkpoint smaller, save only the modified page part every time, and reduce the redundancy of data. These three techniques can make the checkpoint technology lightweight. The experimental results show that the checkpointing on Xen can reduce the downtime after the use of write-time copy technology, and make the process of doing checkpoint transparent to the upper layer. The virtual machine's downtime is no more than 300ms.It uses memory emptying technology and incremental technology to do checkpointing, and reduces the size of checkpoint files by 20%. This can save a lot of resources for systems with high checkpointing frequency.
【学位授予单位】：华中科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：TP302

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