车用微控制器的模糊逻辑与BDM部件研究与设计

发布时间：2018-03-22 19:58

本文选题：车用微控制器　切入点：模糊逻辑部件　出处：《湖南大学》2012年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：微控制器在汽车电子领域的广泛应用，使现代汽车正向着智能化和网络化方向发展。国外从20世纪70年代后期开始致力于微控制器在汽车电子中的应用与研究，现已形成较成熟的车用微控制器产品和解决方案。而国内起步晚、发展速度慢，具有成熟的自主知识产权的车用微控制器产品基本还是空白。因此，研制具有我国自主知识产权的车用微控制器芯片是我国科技工作者面临的挑战。随着汽车电子控制系统所在环境的复杂化和干扰多元化，具有很好适应性的模糊逻辑控制技术被引入车用微控制器的指令集中。Freescale HCS12是世界上第一个包含完整的模糊逻辑指令的微控制器。本课题通过分析车用微控制器的特点与使用范围，设计一款兼容于Freescale HCS12指令集的16位车用微控制器。本文负责模糊逻辑与后台调试模式(Background Debug Mode，BDM)部件研究与设计，并对系统的安全性问题进行分析与应对。论文的主要工作如下：通过研究车用微控制器的特征与指令集，设计了两读两写四总线数据通路结构。在参考硬件设计方法的基础上，采用“自顶向下”的层次化设计思路，进行系统模块划分及模块间接口信号定义，并对系统的安全性进行了分析。通过分析模糊逻辑指令的体系结构，设计了模糊逻辑微指令格式，提出了模糊逻辑部件16位统一数据通路和两个快速运算单元的结构。提出的统一通路和结构，使用一个运算模块就可以满足模糊逻辑指令中8位/16位的有符号/无符号运算，避免了运算模块的重复，减少了部件的占用面积，两个ALU的结构可以实现运算的并行性，从而提高模糊逻辑指令执行速度。模糊逻辑指令测试的结果表明设计的模糊逻辑部件达到了目标。在对BDM的指令结构和通信时序深入分析的基础上，设计了BDM部件的数据通路及接口信号，提出一种BDM指令集的快速译码方案，实现了BDM接口握手协议、BDM指令译码及执行和BDM字节通信的设计。对BDM部件的仿真与FPGA验证结果证实BDM通信时序的正确性及BDM指令的有效译码与执行。针对系统安全性，通过研究AES的攻击与掩码技术，提出了GF(((22)2)2)域上一种基于门级掩码的输入中间值与输入掩码值构成非线性关系的S-盒设计方案，，并将已设计的S-盒应用于AES中完成GF(((22)2)2)域上基于掩码的AES抗功耗攻击方案，改进的S-盒与已有的S-盒进行了比较与分析，结果表明，改进的S-盒能有效抵抗功耗攻击与glitch攻击，与现有的S-盒相比综合性能更优。
[Abstract]:With the wide application of microcontroller in the field of automobile electronics, modern automobile is developing towards intelligence and networking. Since the late 1970s, the application and research of microcontroller in automobile electronics have been devoted to. But the domestic starts late, the development speed is slow, the vehicle microcontroller product which has the mature independent intellectual property right is basically blank. It is a challenge for Chinese science and technology workers to develop vehicle microcontroller chip with our own intellectual property rights. With the complexity and interference of the environment in which the automotive electronic control system is located, The adaptive fuzzy logic control technique is introduced into the instruction set of vehicle microcontroller. Freescale HCS12 is the first microcontroller with complete fuzzy logic instruction in the world. Characteristics and scope of use, A 16-bit microcontroller compatible with the Freescale HCS12 instruction set is designed. This paper is responsible for the research and design of the fuzzy logic and background debugging mode Debug mode BDM, and analyzes and solves the security problems of the system. The main work of this paper is as follows:. By studying the characteristics and instruction sets of vehicle microcontrollers, the data path structure of two readings, two writes and four buses is designed. On the basis of the reference hardware design method, the hierarchical design idea of "top-down" is adopted. The system module is divided and the interface signal between modules is defined, and the security of the system is analyzed. By analyzing the architecture of fuzzy logic instruction, the format of fuzzy logic microinstruction is designed, and the structure of 16 bits uniform data path and two fast operation units of fuzzy logic component is proposed. Using one operation module can satisfy the signed / unsigned operation of 8-bit / 16-bit in the fuzzy logic instruction, avoid the repetition of the operation module, reduce the occupied area of the parts, and the structure of the two ALU can realize the parallelism of the operation. The result of fuzzy logic instruction test shows that the designed fuzzy logic unit has achieved the goal. Based on the deep analysis of the instruction structure and communication timing of BDM, the data path and interface signal of BDM are designed, and a fast decoding scheme of BDM instruction set is proposed. The design of BDM handshake protocol decoding and execution and BDM byte communication are implemented. The results of BDM simulation and FPGA verification verify the correctness of BDM communication timing and the effective decoding and execution of BDM instructions. In view of the security of the system, by studying the attack and mask technology of AES, this paper presents a Sbox design scheme in which the input intermediate value and the input mask value form a nonlinear relationship in the domain of AES. The designed S- box is applied to AES to complete the masking based AES power attack scheme. The improved S- box is compared with the existing S- box. The results show that the improved S- box can resist power attack and glitch attack effectively. Compared with the existing S- box, the comprehensive performance is better.
【学位授予单位】：湖南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：U463.6;TP368.11

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