面向中小型商业银行的计算机集群技术分析与设计

发布时间：2018-04-04 20:25

本文选题：集群　切入点：负载均衡　出处：《华东理工大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：伴随着IT应用的扩张,作为基础设施的服务器性能,越来越成为了整个物理架构中的瓶颈所在。最初的解决手段,是对单机性能进行扩容,在单台服务器中增加多个CPU、内存等。但单机性能不可能无限的提升,同时该设备也会成为业务系统中新的故障单点。计算机集群技术正是为了解决以上这些间题发展而来。本文从计算机集群的分类出发,分别从网络、数据库、操作系统三个层面,介绍了三种不同类型的计算机集群架构模型。其中,基于负载均衡的计算机集群架构,通过前端的负载均衡器和内置的负载均衡算法实现了业务响应在多台服务器间的轮询；基于数据库的计算机集群架构,特点是通过数据库内置的数据复制功能,以同步、近同步、异步三种模式,实现在两台数据库服务器上的数据镜像；基于操作系统的计算机集群架构,则是利用操作系统自带的高可用性特点,通过外部共享存储的方式,将资源组(包括网络、共享存储)在不同的服务器间动态迁移。在实际应用方面,本文选取了SLB、HADR、HACMP这三种集群技术,分别就它们所代表的集群架构做了详细的说明。并以某农村商业银行为例,通过分析该单位现有的信息系统架构和信息系统集群的需求,分别为前台、中台、后台设计了三套独立的计算机集群实施方案。通过上述方案的实施,实现了前台业务流的负载均衡,中台数据库的实时同步,以及后台系统(包括应用以及数据库)的容灾备份,构建了一套高性能、高可用性的企业集群解决方案,并进一步分析了在当前的中小型企业环境中,集群技术的发展情况以及应用前景。
[Abstract]:Along with the expansion of IT application , as the server performance of the infrastructure , the bottleneck in the whole physical architecture is becoming the bottleneck . The initial solution is to expand the performance of a single machine , add more CPU , memory , etc . in a single server . However , the performance of the single machine is not likely to be unlimited . At the same time , the device will become a new single point of failure in the business system . The computer cluster technology is designed to solve these problems .

Based on the classification of computer cluster , three different kinds of computer cluster architecture models are introduced from three aspects of network , database and operating system .
The computer cluster architecture based on database is characterized in that data mirroring is realized on two database servers in three modes : synchronous , near - synchronous and asynchronous through the data copy function built in the database ;
The computer cluster architecture based on the operating system uses the high - availability features of the operating system , and dynamically migrates the resource groups ( including the network , the shared storage ) among different servers in the way of external shared storage .

In the aspect of practical application , this paper has selected three clusters of cluster technology , which is based on the cluster architecture , which is based on the implementation of the above scheme , realizes the load balance of foreground business flow , real - time synchronization of the intermediate database , and disaster recovery of background system ( including application and database ) , builds a set of high - performance and high - availability enterprise cluster solution , and further analyzes the development situation and application prospect of cluster technology in the current small and medium - sized enterprise environment .

【学位授予单位】：华东理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：TP338

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