基于嵌入式系统的海洋传感器搭载平台的设计与实现

发布时间：2018-04-13 10:56

本文选题：海洋传感器搭载平台 + 嵌入式操作系统　；参考：《中国海洋大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：目前，为了更好的利用海洋资源，通过海洋来了解地球的发展，就需要获得有效的长时间的海洋环境数据。因此对建立全球海洋观测网的呼声越来越高，各国在认识到这一点后都纷纷开始搭建海洋观测网，我国海洋监测技术刚刚起步，进展缓慢，主要的制约因素是没有合适的传感器搭载平台。因此研制多功能的海洋传感器搭载硬件平台对快速建立海底观测网，提升我国海底资源开发技术有着极为重要的意义。本文以爱特梅尔公司的AT91SAM9263与单片机AT89S52为控制核心，采用CAN总线通信组网模式，集成电源监测系统、嵌入式控制系统、单片机控制系统及外围电路，实现对任意海洋传感器的搭载，通过平台控制海洋传感器对大洋深海环境的实时动态监测；其次本平台还可以在实验室模拟环境中同时搭载国内、国外生产的海洋探测仪器，进行数据采集，并将采集到的数据进行比对，实现对国内外生产的海洋仪器性能的评估以及比较。论文共分为五大部分，，引言简单介绍了传感器搭载平台的国内外发展状况等相应的背景知识。第一部分详细论述了海洋传感器搭载硬件平台的组成。硬件部分分别详细介绍了ARM嵌入式控制系统硬件电路、单片机控制系统硬件电路的具体组成、其次对一些海洋仪器的主要性能指标及控制指令进行了简单介绍，将硬件电路按照实现功能分为具体模块，分模块介绍了各自组成元件，并给出了具体电路设计的原理图；第二部分分步构建了LINUX嵌入式系统的软件应用平台，主要的步骤为移植引导程序U-boot、移植经过裁剪后的Linux2.6.30内核、移植根文件系统；第三部分对应用程序的设计进行了叙述，为了提高传感器搭载硬件系统工作的稳定性，我们采用了双ARM冗余技术来进行应用程序的设计，此外还采用了多线程编程技术来改善程序的结构，提升了程序的执行效率。第四部分为验证搭载平台能否正常工作，我们为平台搭载了ADV、甲烷传感器、压力传感器。在实验室做了实验，并对得到的实验结果进行了简要的分析。第五部分总结了本论文完成的工作，并对可以改进的部分进行了展望。
[Abstract]:At present, in order to make better use of marine resources and understand the development of the earth through the ocean, we need to obtain effective long-term marine environmental data.As a result, calls for the establishment of a global ocean observation network have become more and more frequent. After recognizing this, all countries have begun to build marine observation networks. China's ocean monitoring technology has just started, and progress has been slow.The main constraint is the absence of a suitable sensor mount platform.Therefore, it is of great significance to develop a multi-functional hardware platform for ocean sensors to quickly set up a submarine observation network and to improve the development technology of submarine resources in China.This paper takes AT91SAM9263 and AT89S52 of Atmel Company as the control core, adopts the CAN bus communication networking mode, integrates the power monitoring system, the embedded control system, the single-chip microcomputer control system and the peripheral circuit.The platform can control the real-time dynamic monitoring of ocean and deep-sea environment by the platform. Secondly, the platform can also carry the domestic and foreign marine detection instruments in the laboratory simulation environment at the same time.The performance of marine instruments produced at home and abroad is evaluated and compared by data acquisition and comparison.The paper is divided into five parts. The introduction briefly introduces the development of sensor platform at home and abroad and other relevant background knowledge.In the first part, the hardware platform of ocean sensor is discussed in detail.In the hardware part, the hardware circuit of the ARM embedded control system and the hardware circuit of the single-chip microcomputer control system are introduced in detail. Secondly, the main performance indexes and control instructions of some marine instruments are introduced briefly.The hardware circuit is divided into specific modules according to the realization function. The components of each module are introduced, and the schematic diagram of the specific circuit design is given. In the second part, the software application platform of LINUX embedded system is constructed step by step.The main steps are to transplant the boot program U-boot. transplant the Linux2.6.30 kernel after cutting and transplant the root file system. The third part describes the design of the application program in order to improve the stability of the hardware system working on the sensor.The dual ARM redundancy technique is used to design the application program. In addition, multithread programming technology is used to improve the structure of the program and improve the efficiency of the program execution.The fourth part is to verify whether the platform can work properly, we carry ADV, methane sensor, pressure sensor for the platform.Experiments were done in the laboratory, and the experimental results were analyzed briefly.The fifth part summarizes the work accomplished in this paper, and looks forward to the parts that can be improved.
【学位授予单位】：中国海洋大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：TP368.1;P715

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