基于PCM的混合内存系统的研究与仿真

发布时间：2018-04-15 14:28

本文选题：相变存储器 + 混合内存控制器　；参考：《华中科技大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：目前，基于DRAM的主存系统在功耗与成本方面已接近瓶颈。相变存储器（Phase-Change-Memory,PCM）以其非易失、存储密度大、功耗低的特点有潜力成为未来大容量内存系统中DRAM的替代者。有学者提出了一种DRAM+PCM的混合内存系统结构,该结构中PCM作为主存，DRAM作为PCM的缓存。这种结构的有效性需要进一步验证。同时，目前PCM未能批量生产，基于样本的原型设计成本太高、周期太长。因此需要利用仿真器模拟混合内存系统。为了实现PCM混合内存仿真系统，首先设计了一个混合内存控制器，该控制器实现了地址映射、命令生成、DRAM与PCM间数据交换的功能，并利用一个写队列平衡PCM较高的写延迟，优化了性能；其次提出了一种定时刷回策略和简单的LRU替换算法，能够以较小的代价实现DRAM中页的定期写回和高效替换，减少了掉电可能造成的损失；同时，提出了一种细粒度的元数据管理策略，将元数据与数据放在一起，，减少了存储开销；最后，利用DRAMSim2和PCMSim仿真器搭建了一个混合内存仿真系统，并进行了验证测试。测试结果显示，1GB DRAM和32GB PCM组成的混合内存系统的执行时间对比8GB DRAM基准系统减少了26%，对比32GB PCM系统减少了47%。
[Abstract]:At present, the power consumption and cost of the main memory system based on DRAM are close to the bottleneck.Phase change memory (Phase-Change-memory) has the potential to be a substitute for DRAM in large memory systems in the future because of its nonvolatile, high storage density and low power consumption.A hybrid memory system architecture of DRAM PCM is proposed, in which PCM is used as the main memory and PCM cache.The validity of this structure needs further verification.At the same time, PCM can not be produced in batch, the cost of prototype design based on sample is too high and the period is too long.Therefore, a hybrid memory system needs to be simulated using an emulator.In order to realize the PCM hybrid memory simulation system, a hybrid memory controller is designed, which realizes address mapping, generates the function of data exchange between DRAM and PCM, and uses a write queue to balance the high write delay of PCM.The performance is optimized. Secondly, a timing brush back strategy and a simple LRU replacement algorithm are proposed, which can realize the periodic write back and efficient replacement of pages in DRAM at a lower cost, thus reducing the loss of power loss.In this paper, a fine-grained metadata management strategy is proposed, in which metadata and data are put together to reduce storage overhead. Finally, a hybrid memory simulation system is built using DRAMSim2 and PCMSim emulators, and a verification test is carried out.The test results show that the execution time of the hybrid memory system composed of 1 GB DRAM and 32GB PCM is 26 times less than that of the 8GB DRAM benchmark system, and 47% less than that of the 32GB PCM system.
【学位授予单位】：华中科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TP333.1

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