基于ARINC653标准的AADL模型配置工具的研究与实现

发布时间：2018-05-11 13:28

本文选题：ARINC653 + AADL　；参考：《电子科技大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：近几年，嵌入式系统已广泛应用于航空，航天，汽车电子等性能关键实时系统领域，此类系统对非功能属性要求较高，包括：可靠性、可用性、实时性、响应性、吞吐量和安全性。随着硬件设备计算效率不断提升，性能关键实时系统的复杂度也随之增加。业界提出了模型驱动结构(Model Driven Architecture，MDA)方法，它简化了系统的开发，极大提高生产效率，降低软件开发成本，保证软件质量。体系结构分析设计语言（ArchitectureAnalysis and Design Language，AADL）是一种基于MDA方法的建模语言，，现已广泛运用于航空电子系统领域。航空电子系统具有高安全性、高可靠性及高实时性等特点，为满足这些需求，ARINC组织在1997年发布了航空电子应用软件标准接口（AVIONICS APPLICATIONSOFTWARE STANDARD INTERFACE），简称ARINC653。该规范定义了标准的API和系统服务,即APEX层,为应用程序和操作系统提供标准接口。它最核心的概念为分区（Partitioning），提出了时空分离的思想，有效地隔离了应用，同时也给出了分区通信、健康监控等重要概念。本文使用MDA方法对航空电子系统进行研究分析，但现有的AADL组件并不能模拟与ARINC653标准中的核心概念：如分区、健康监控等。因此，如何扩展AADL的建模能力是本文讨论的一个重点。本文主要从以下几个方面进行研究：（1）提取ARINC653标准中的主要模块，扩展AADL的属性集，设计AADL组件与ARINC653标准中各模块属性的映射关系，来对航空电子系统进行建模。在此基础上，实现对系统模型信息提取，对参数信息进行验证并自动生成正确完整的XML格式的配置文件，并将工具以插件的形式集成在OSATE平台下。最后，通过实例来验证配置文件自动生成工具是否完成以上功能。（2）为了获得能够使系统达到最优时间分配的系统配置，本文根据ARINC653航空电子系统中分区调度的特点，研究出了一种最优的分区调度算法，实现了对系统分区集的调度分析以及分区下的任务的仿真工具。最后通过实例的验证，证明了最近调度时间优先算法的最优性，并顺利生成正确的分区调度配置信息，从而帮助系统集成者解决了分区的调度配置问题。本文所实现的配置工具，不仅能够为ARINC653航空电子系统建模，同时能够对模型的配置信息进行验证并自动生成专用格式的系统配置文件，并对其分区集合的可调度性进行判定。这能够帮助系统集成者提早发现配置文件中的错误，并协助系统集成者找出最优的调度配置并生成配置文件，这大大提高了系统的开发效率。
[Abstract]:In recent years, embedded systems have been widely used in aviation, aerospace, automotive electronics and other key real-time systems. Such systems require high non-functional attributes, including: reliability, availability, real-time, responsiveness, etc. Throughput and security. With the improvement of hardware computing efficiency, the complexity of performance critical real-time system increases. The model driven architecture (Model Driven Architecture) method is put forward in the industry. It simplifies the development of the system, greatly improves the production efficiency, reduces the cost of software development and ensures the software quality. Architecture Analysis and Design language (AADL) is a modeling language based on MDA method, which has been widely used in avionics systems. Avionics system has the characteristics of high security, high reliability and high real-time. In order to meet these requirements, ARINC organization issued the avionics application software standard interface in 1997, called AVIONICS APPLICATIONSOFTWARE STANDARD Internet document (ARINC653). The specification defines standard API and system services, the APEX layer, to provide standard interfaces for applications and operating systems. Its core concept is partitioning. The idea of space-time separation is put forward, which can effectively isolate applications. At the same time, it also gives some important concepts, such as partition communication, health monitoring and so on. In this paper, the MDA method is used to study and analyze avionics systems, but the existing AADL components can not simulate the core concepts of ARINC653 standards, such as partition, health monitoring and so on. Therefore, how to extend the modeling capability of AADL is one of the key points in this paper. This article mainly carries on the research from the following several aspects: 1) extract the main modules of ARINC653 standard, extend the attribute set of AADL, design the mapping relation between AADL component and each module attribute in ARINC653 standard, and model avionics system. On this basis, the system model information is extracted, the parameter information is verified and the correct and complete configuration file of XML format is generated automatically, and the tool is integrated into the OSATE platform in the form of plug-in. Finally, an example is used to verify whether the configuration file automatic generation tool completes the above functions. In order to obtain the system configuration that can make the system achieve the optimal time allocation, according to the characteristic of the partition scheduling in the ARINC653 avionics system, an optimal partition scheduling algorithm is proposed in this paper. The scheduling analysis of the system partition set and the simulation tool of the task under the partition are realized. Finally, the optimality of the most recent scheduling time first algorithm is proved by an example, and the correct partition scheduling configuration information is generated successfully, which helps the system integrator to solve the partition scheduling problem. The configuration tool implemented in this paper can not only model the ARINC653 avionics system, but also verify the configuration information of the model, automatically generate the system configuration file with special format, and determine the schedulability of its partition collection. This can help the system integrator find errors in the configuration file early, and help the system integrator to find the optimal scheduling configuration and generate the configuration file, which greatly improves the system development efficiency.
【学位授予单位】：电子科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：TP368.1

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