基于ARM的超声波墙体测厚仪的设计

发布时间：2018-05-28 01:39

本文选题：ARM + Cortex-M3　；参考：《哈尔滨理工大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：现今现浇楼板、墙体的厚度情况是评定建筑物安全性的主要依据，国家有关部门对此越来越重视，各级工程质量监督检测部门对墙体厚度、楼板的非破损检测技术也特别关注。但是传统的墙体测厚仪存在准确性差、精度低、体积大、功耗大、成本极高、人机界面不友好等问题，不适合广泛地应用于建筑及其他相关领域。通过阅读大量文献研究了脉冲反射法、穿透法及共振法超声测厚理论，本文应用脉冲反射法理论进行设计，将Olympus公司PSF-1440TR型的收发一体单探头和具有“标定”功能的方法相结合，给出了系统的整体设计方案及超声检测系统的硬件整体框图。系统采用最新的以ARM Cortex-M3为内核的低功耗微处理器STM32F103作为核心处理器，完成了控制及信号的显示、通信功能；硬件部分完成CPU主控电路、超声波前端发射电路、接收电路、放大滤波电路、显示接口电路的设计，其中发射电路由高压电源、射极跟随器、PWM同步信号、脉冲放大电路及探头组成；显示电路选用ST7565PLCD，并通过SPI和主机进行通信。软件部分完成了标定功能程序、测量子程序、发射子程序、及各功能模块程序，通过硬件设计及软件编程最终实现对混凝土墙体的厚度和缺陷进行检测。该仪器具有实用意义。本文设计的基于超声波脉冲多次反射法的单探头超声波墙体测厚仪，能够检测混凝土墙体的厚度，可测厚度为8cm~110cm，设置薄、厚两种模式，，精度可达1mm，适用于各种成分的钢筋混凝土组成的墙体，其功能完善、实用性强，对混凝土的质量检测水平及建筑物安全性的提高具有极其重要的作用。
[Abstract]:Nowadays, the thickness of cast-in-place floor is the main basis for evaluating the safety of buildings, which is paid more and more attention by the relevant departments of the state. The inspection departments of engineering quality at all levels also pay special attention to the thickness of the wall and the nondestructive detection technology of the floor. However, the traditional wall thickness gauge has some problems such as poor accuracy, low precision, large volume, large power consumption, extremely high cost, unfriendly man-machine interface and so on, so it is not suitable for wide application in architecture and other related fields. The theory of pulse reflection, penetration and resonance ultrasonic thickness measurement has been studied by reading a lot of literature. In this paper, the theory of pulse reflection is applied to design the single transceiver and transceiver with the function of "calibration". The overall design of the system and the hardware block diagram of the ultrasonic detection system are given. The system adopts the latest low-power microprocessor STM32F103 with ARM Cortex-M3 core as the core processor, completes the control and signal display, communication function, the hardware part completes the main control circuit of CPU, the ultrasonic front-end transmitting circuit, the receiving circuit. The design of amplifying filter circuit and display interface circuit, in which the transmitting circuit is composed of high voltage power supply, emitter follower PWM synchronous signal, pulse amplifier circuit and probe, and the display circuit is ST7565PLCDD, and communicates with the host through SPI. In the software part, the calibration function program, the measuring subroutine, the launching subroutine, and each function module program are completed. Finally, the thickness and defect of concrete wall are detected by hardware design and software programming. The instrument is of practical significance. A single probe ultrasonic wall thickness meter based on ultrasonic pulse multiple reflection method is designed in this paper, which can detect the thickness of concrete wall. The measured thickness is 8 cm / m 110cm. The precision can reach 1 mm, which is suitable for the wall composed of reinforced concrete with various components. Its function is perfect and practical, and it plays an extremely important role in improving the quality of concrete and the safety of buildings.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：TP274.53;TP368.1

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