可逆逻辑门的进化设计与优化方法研究

发布时间：2018-05-30 02:06

本文选题：NCV门库 + 可逆逻辑门　；参考：《东华大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着集成电路规模和密度的不断提高,芯片内部导线的宽度不久将达到原子量级,量子效应和源于不可逆逻辑运算的信息功耗的影响也相应地越来越大。量子可逆逻辑电路是一类以可逆方式进行逻辑运算的电路,它不会造成任何信息损失因而不会产生信息功耗,故可从源头上突破集成电路发展的上述瓶颈;同时它又是量子计算的逻辑表达形式,因而具有极其重要的研究价值和广阔的应用前景。量子可逆逻辑门是构成可逆逻辑电路的基本元件,但其现有种类较少,设计难度较大。本文在详细探讨了可逆逻辑门的结构特点、构成难点以及研究现状的基础上,参考遗传算法的思想以及现有可逆逻辑门的设计方法,对量子可逆逻辑门的进化设计与优化问题进行了深入研究,具体研究内容和成果主要如下:(1)通过详细地分析与研究NCV基本量子门,获得了基本量子门的重要结构特征以及可逆逻辑门NCV实现方式的级联阵列模型。(2)基于该模型本文提出了基于量子门结构特性的整数阵列编码方案。该方案使用符号集{0,1,2,3,4,5}可编码任意可逆逻辑门,避免了所需构建的编码库的规模随输入个数增加呈指数律增大的难题,简化了算法的编码复杂度。(3)为使遗传算法能够更好地适用于可逆逻辑门的进化设计,本文对其进行了改进,主要是在计算适应度的过程中增加了用于动态处理量子门级联结构内部量子纠缠现象的结构变异算子。该算子使得随机生成的量子门级联结构经过其处理后,内部不会发生量子纠缠现象,从而缩减了算法用于生成种群个体和评估个体适应度的时间,提高了算法的效率。(4)参照常规电路中“或门”的逻辑功能,本文提出了一种新型可逆逻辑门——ZC门,且实验中使用上述进化设计算法获得了该门的NCV实现方式。此外,利用该算法本文对一些常用可逆逻辑门进行了优化设计并得到了较好结果。通过对实验结果的分析,本文得到了多种可逆逻辑门的一般异构准则。本文通过对量子可逆逻辑门进化设计中重点问题的探索与研究,得到了可逆逻辑门的自动化设计与优化方法,相信本文所做的研究及其成果可为多位量子可逆逻辑门的设计与实现、大规模可逆逻辑电路的设计与优化等方面的研究提供参考和帮助。
[Abstract]:With the increasing scale and density of integrated circuits, the width of wires inside the chip will soon reach atomic weight level, and the effects of quantum effect and information power consumption derived from irreversible logic operations are becoming more and more important. Quantum reversible logic circuit is a kind of logic operation circuit in reversible mode. It will not cause any loss of information and will not produce information power consumption, so it can break through the bottleneck of the development of integrated circuit from the source. At the same time, it is the logical expression of quantum computing, so it has very important research value and broad application prospect. Quantum reversible logic gate is the basic component of reversible logic circuit. On the basis of discussing in detail the structural characteristics, difficulties and research status of reversible logic gate, this paper refers to the idea of genetic algorithm and the design method of reversible logic gate. In this paper, the evolutionary design and optimization of quantum reversible logic gates are deeply studied. The specific research contents and results are as follows: (1) through the detailed analysis and study of NCV basic quantum gates, The important structural characteristics of the basic quantum gates and the cascade array model of reversible logic gate NCV implementation are obtained. Based on this model, an integer array coding scheme based on the quantum gate structure is proposed in this paper. In this scheme, any reversible logic gate can be coded by using symbol set {0 / 1 / 2 / 3 / 3 / 4 / 5}, which avoids the problem that the scale of the required coding library increases exponentially with the increase of the number of inputs. In order to make the genetic algorithm more suitable for the evolutionary design of reversible logic gates, this paper improves the algorithm. In the process of calculating fitness, the structure mutation operator is added to deal with the quantum entanglement phenomenon in quantum gate cascade structure dynamically. The operator makes the randomly generated quantum gate cascade structure without quantum entanglement after its processing, thus reducing the time for the algorithm to generate population individuals and evaluate individual fitness. In this paper, a new reversible logic gate, ZC gate, is proposed, and the NCV implementation of the gate is obtained by using the above evolutionary design algorithm. In addition, the algorithm is used to optimize the design of some commonly used reversible logic gates and good results are obtained. Through the analysis of the experimental results, the general heterogeneity criteria of various reversible logic gates are obtained. In this paper, the automatic design and optimization methods of reversible logic gates are obtained by exploring and studying the key problems in the evolutionary design of quantum reversible logic gates. It is believed that the research done in this paper and its achievements can provide reference and help for the design and implementation of multi-bit quantum reversible logic gates and the design and optimization of large-scale reversible logic circuits.
【学位授予单位】：东华大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TP18;TP331

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