基于同时多线程的取指控制机制研究

发布时间：2018-06-18 06:25

本文选题：同时多线程处理器 + 取指控制机制　；参考：《哈尔滨工程大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着计算机体系结构的发展，为顺应人们对高性能处理器的迫切需求，同时多线程处理器应运而生，成为目前主流的微处理器结构。针对同时多线程处理器的各项研究变得十分活跃，同时多线程处理器的取指控制机制作为高性能处理器领域的研究热点备受关注。近年来，国内外许多专家学者和科研机构对其展开积极的研究和探索。但是，目前同时多线程处理器的取指控制技术仍存在取指带宽利用不均衡、指令队列冲突率高和分支预测性能低下等缺陷。因此，本文将针对同时多线程处理器的取指控制技术展开研究，以寻求高效合理的取指控制机制。本文首先从取指策略和分支预测器两个方面对取指控制机制进行研究，并分别提出一种基于同时多线程的取指策略和分支预测器。与传统的取指策略相比，本策略的技术优势：处理器的取指过程分为线程选择、取指带宽划分和动态资源分配三个阶段，通过计算线程运行所需的指令数，给予适量的取指带宽，使得取指带宽的利用更为均衡。同时，根据线程的优先级动态分配系统资源，提高了系统资源的利用率。在新型取指策略研究的基础上，设计与之相对应的分支预测器，通过将线程的全局和局部历史信息相结合作为分支预测信息位，有效地克服了传统机制中分支预测信息混乱、不完整等现象的发生。同时，通过新增分支结果输出表BRT记录常见分支指令的预测结果，推进了指令的分支预测执行速度。通过综合这两项研究成果，提出一种基于同时多线程的取指控制机制，有效地提高了处理器的指令吞吐率和分支预测性能。最后，通过设计合理的性能测试方案，对其进行性能测试和结果分析。性能测试结果表明：新型的取指控制机制有效地克服了传统机制中存在的取指策略不够优化、分支预测性能低下等缺点，极大地促进处理器整体性能的提升，具有良好的应用前景和研究价值。
[Abstract]:With the development of computer architecture, in order to meet the urgent needs of high performance processors, multithread processors emerge as the times require, and become the mainstream microprocessor architecture. The research on simultaneous multithreading processor has become very active, and the control mechanism of multi-threaded processor as the research hotspot in the field of high-performance processors. In recent years, many domestic and foreign experts and scholars and scientific research institutions to carry out active research and exploration. However, at present, there are still some shortcomings in the simultaneous multithread processor, such as unbalanced utilization of the wideband, high collision rate of instruction queue and low branch prediction performance. Therefore, this paper will focus on the simultaneous multithreaded processor to research the technology of finger extraction control, in order to find an efficient and reasonable control mechanism. In this paper, we first study the control mechanism of finger extraction from two aspects: the strategy of finger extraction and the branch predictor, and propose a new strategy and a branch predictor based on simultaneous multithreading respectively. Compared with the traditional strategy, the technology advantage of this strategy is as follows: the process of the processor is divided into three stages: thread selection, bandwidth partition and dynamic resource allocation, and the number of instructions needed for thread operation is calculated. Give the appropriate amount of finger-taking bandwidth, so that the use of finger-taking bandwidth more balanced. At the same time, the system resource is dynamically allocated according to the priority of thread, and the utilization rate of system resource is improved. A branch predictor is designed based on the research of the new strategy of finger extraction. By combining the global and local historical information of thread as the bit of branch prediction information, the confusion of branch prediction information in the traditional mechanism is effectively overcome. The occurrence of incomplete phenomena. At the same time, the new branch result output table (BRT) records the prediction results of common branch instructions, which promotes the execution speed of branch prediction. By synthesizing these two research results, a new control mechanism based on simultaneous multithreading is proposed, which can effectively improve the instruction throughput and branch prediction performance of the processor. Finally, through the design of a reasonable performance test scheme, the performance test and results analysis. The performance test results show that the new control mechanism overcomes the shortcomings of the traditional mechanism, such as poor performance of branch prediction and poor performance of branch prediction, which can greatly improve the overall performance of the processor. It has good application prospect and research value.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨工程大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：TP332

【参考文献】