基于MSP430智能卡交互平台的设计与实现

发布时间：2018-06-25 23:23

本文选题：智能卡 + 读写器　；参考：《北京工业大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着智能卡技术的发展与普及，智能卡应用已在众多领域成为信息存储、交互的重要介质。作为信息交互的终端，不同应用场合中的智能卡读写器也展示出自己的独有的特点。手持式移动智能卡读写终端因在工作时无法与上位机相连而获取能量，不得不采用蓄电池供电。非接触式智能卡读写器工作时通过发射电磁场与智能卡交互，会有较大的能耗。为了延长读写器的工作时间，降低读写器的功耗就成为整个系统设计的基本目标之一。本论文对嵌入式系统的设计方法与设计流程进行了研究与分析，制定了低功耗嵌入式系统的总体设计方案，采用了具有低功耗特性的处理器MSP430F5519及射频接口芯片TRF7960，构建了手持非接触式智能卡交互平台。MCU通过SPI接口控制射频芯片与智能卡进行交互，通过UART接口交互的状态与结果发给上位机PC。本论文还研究了ISO14443A非接触式智能卡的基本通信协议，在IAR编译环境下使用C语言开发符合ISO14443A协议标准的读写器Firmware。实现了读写器与智能卡的底层数据交互以及协议层的通信握手机制。本论文通过对MCU与射频芯片的低功耗的功能与特性的研究，从软件和硬件两方面提出了降低读写器功耗的解决方案。采取降低系统时钟的工作频率、减少片外晶体使用量等方法降低了系统硬件的功耗，，通过采取适时地关闭射频芯片、令MCU进入低功耗工作模式等方法，节约了电池能源，延长了读写器的工作时间。所设计的基于MSP430和TRF7960的读写器实现了与智能卡的基本交互功能，并且向应用层提供了功能性的接口函数。应用开发者通过调用这些功能函数完成对读写器的基本控制、协议交互控制、信息传输控制、外围设备控制等。基于上述接口函数，该读写器实现了与智能卡进行交互的基本功能。对读写器的低功耗特性进行测试，并且与同类产品做对比后得出结论：在实现同等功能的条件下，基于MSP430的读写器能比基于8051和基于ARM的读写器分别节省了81%和94%的电能。射频芯片TRF7960在本读写器中的成功应用为射频芯片BES1301研发方案的制定有着指导性的意义和参考价值。在BES1301的研发中期，本读写器本身作为主机调试平台，通过SPI接口控制BES1301与智能卡进行交互，从而验证其数字部分逻辑的正确性。在芯片开发的后期，本读写器可作为BES1301芯片的应用解决方案，为客户提供现成的软硬件设计范例及底层Firmware。
[Abstract]:With the development and popularization of smart card technology, smart card application has become an important medium for information storage and interaction in many fields. As a terminal of information exchange, smart card readers in different applications also show their unique characteristics. The hand-held mobile smart card read-write terminal can not be connected to the upper computer while working, so it has to use battery to supply power. When the contactless smart card reader works, it will have large energy consumption by transmitting electromagnetic field and interacting with the smart card. In order to prolong the working time of the reader, reducing the power consumption of the reader becomes one of the basic goals of the whole system design. In this paper, the design method and design flow of embedded system are studied and analyzed, and the overall design scheme of low power embedded system is established. The processor MSP430F5519 with low power consumption and the RF interface chip TRF7960 are used to construct the interactive platform of handheld contactless smart card. MCU controls the interaction between RF chip and smart card through SPI interface. The state and result of the interaction through UART interface are sent to PC. This paper also studies the basic communication protocol of ISO14443A contactless smart card, and develops the reader Firmware-compliant ISO14443A standard with C language under IAR compiling environment. The data interaction between the reader and the smart card and the communication and handshake mechanism of the protocol layer are realized. Based on the research of the function and characteristic of MCU and RF chip, this paper proposes a solution to reduce the power consumption of the reader from the aspects of software and hardware. By reducing the working frequency of the system clock and reducing the use of off-chip crystals, the power consumption of the system hardware is reduced, and the battery energy is saved by switching off the RF chip at the right time and making MCU enter the low-power working mode. Extended the working time of the reader. The designed reader based on MSP430 and TRF7960 realizes the basic interactive function with the smart card and provides the functional interface function to the application layer. By calling these functions, the application developer completes the basic control of the reader, the control of protocol interaction, the control of information transmission, the control of peripheral equipment, and so on. Based on the above interface function, the reader realizes the basic function of interacting with smart card. The low power characteristic of the reader is tested and compared with the similar products. It is concluded that under the condition of realizing the same function, the reader based on MSP430 can save 81% and 94% electric energy respectively than the reader based on 8051 and arm. The successful application of RF chip TRF7960 in this reader has guiding significance and reference value for the development of RF chip BES1301. In the middle of the research and development of BES1301, the reader itself acts as the host debugging platform, and controls BES1301 to interact with the smart card through SPI interface, so as to verify the correctness of its digital logic. In the later stage of chip development, the reader can be used as the application solution of BES1301 chip, providing customers with ready-made software and hardware design examples and the underlying firmware.
【学位授予单位】：北京工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：TN409;TP368.12

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