基于FPGA的虚拟无线电射频前端及PCIe接口设计

发布时间：2018-06-27 09:09

本文选题：软件无线电 + 虚拟无线电　；参考：《南昌航空大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着通信技术的迅猛发展，新的通信体制与标准的不断出台，出现了新旧通信系统标准共存的局面，使得各种通信系统的互连互通变得更加的复杂。为了满足设备的互通问题，缩短开发周期，降低开发成本，人们提出了通过软件方式来实现无线通信的虚拟无线电概念。本文结合了虚拟无线电涉及的一些关键技术和基础理论，基于虚拟无线电架构，设计了一种基于PCI Express总线接口的虚拟无线电射频前端板卡。本文利用PCI Express高速总线接口作为PC与射频前端板卡的数据传输接口，并使用高效的DMA工作机制，实现总线接口间高数据速率、低时延的数据交互。射频前端的设计采用直接变频的架构，有效的提高了前端集成度，并将射频部分，接口部分和FPGA控制部分有效的集成到一块板子上。文中给出了虚拟无线电射频前端的基本结构和模块组成，重点阐述了整个射频前端的硬件设计关键技术及FPGA本地控制逻辑。其中，硬件部分主要包括：FPGA模块、电源模块、时钟模块、PCIe模块和射频模块，并给出相应电路原理图设计；FPGA部分主要包括DMA控制模块、天线模块、数据缓冲处理模块、参数配置模块和定时控制模块，并给出各模块时序仿真图。文中还对所设计的射频前端板卡进行了测试，并对测试结果进行了分析和总结。经实践验证，本文设计的虚拟无线电射频前端在中频段（700MHz-900MHz）范围发射和接收性能较好，通过修改相应的应用程序以及FPGA程序，，即可在一块射频前端板卡下实现协议的切换。该射频前端板卡具有良好的通用性，在软件无线电系统中，可作为射频前端进行无线信号的接收和发送，作为无线接入网卡设备、无线系统试验设备来使用；还可用于构建行业专网通信系统。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of communication technology, the new communication system and standards have been introduced constantly, and the coexistence of new and old communication system standards has emerged, which makes the interconnection of various communication systems more complex. In order to meet the problems of interworking of devices, shorten the development cycle and reduce the development cost, the concept of virtual radio is put forward to realize wireless communication by software. This paper combines some key technologies and basic theories of virtual radio, and designs a virtual radio RF front-end card based on PCI Express bus interface based on virtual radio architecture. In this paper, the PCI Express high-speed bus interface is used as the data transmission interface between PC and RF front-end card, and an efficient DMA working mechanism is used to realize the high data rate and low delay data exchange between the bus interfaces. The design of RF front-end adopts the architecture of direct frequency conversion, which effectively improves the integration of the front-end, and integrates the RF part, interface part and FPGA control part into a board effectively. In this paper, the basic structure and module composition of the virtual radio RF front-end are given, and the key technology of hardware design and FPGA local control logic of the whole RF front-end are described emphatically. Among them, the hardware part mainly includes: FPGA module, power module, clock module PCIe module and radio frequency module. The corresponding circuit schematic design and FPGA part mainly include DMA control module, antenna module, data buffer processing module. Parameter configuration module and timing control module, and each module timing simulation diagram. The design of RF front-end card is also tested, and the test results are analyzed and summarized. It is proved by practice that the virtual radio RF front-end designed in this paper has good transmitting and receiving performance in the middle frequency range (700MHz-900MHz). By modifying the corresponding application program and FPGA program, the protocol switching can be realized under a RF front-end card. The RF front-end card has good versatility. In the software radio system, it can be used as the RF front-end to receive and transmit wireless signals, as a wireless access network card device, and as a wireless system test device. It can also be used to build a private network communication system.
【学位授予单位】：南昌航空大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：TN925;TP334.7

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