基于USB接口MCU在线仿真器研究与设计

发布时间：2018-07-22 17:03

【摘要】：近几年，MCU(Micro Controller Unit)微控制单元经过不断地研究和发展，历经4位，8位，到现在的16位和32位，甚至64位。产品的成熟度越来越高，应用也越来越广，对于芯片的再次开发也变得越来越常见，但是MCU不能进行二次开发，需要借助一定的平台对MCU重复开发，在线仿真器的出现会带来很多方便。从在线仿真器的仿真技术来看，国内外市场上的在线仿真器产品采用的技术主要可以分为Bondout仿真技术、HOOKS仿真技术、嵌入式仿真技术和商用CPU仿真技术。还有一种基于FPGA的通用仿真技术，虽然并没有统一的产品但是在自主开发当中仍占有一定的比例。目前，通用仿真器技术仍然没有详细的实现方案。本文基于通用仿真器框架详细设计了各个子模块，经过FPGA进行了验证。首先设计了USB通信接口程序，并且根据在线仿真器的断点，单步，停止，运行等命令设计了具有校验功能的数据流协议，满足了电脑和FPGA的通信需求。其次，采用自顶向下和自底向上相结合的模块化设计方法，设计出了处理交互数据流的调试模块。调试模块是在线仿真器硬件部分最重要的模块，经过一定的优化处理生成了调试模块的IP软核。在线仿真器硬件另一重要部分为MCU软核程序，网表文件可以从virtuoso中经过验证的原理图中提取，，提取出的网表文件经过一定的修改之后才可以在FPGA平台上实现仿真。最后，将USB接口程序、调试模块程序、MCU软核网表以及FPGA自己生成的RAM、ROM下载到FPGA中之后，整个在线仿真器的硬件部分在一块FPGA芯片中实现。连通电脑端软件之后，实现了整个在线仿真系统。通过电脑端发送断点、单步、停止、运行等命令，硬件部分可以得到相应控制，将在线仿真器对应IO口连接到LED灯上，编译一段简单的汇编语言程序之后，通过观察LED灯的状态可以观察到IO口的状态变化。同时，接入示波器可以观察IO口的波形。最终，在线仿真器在Xilinx Spartan系列XC3S700AN开发板套件中进行了调试验证，实现了通用在线仿真系统。
[Abstract]:In recent years, MCU (Micro Controller Unit) microcontrol unit has been continuously studied and developed, and has gone through 4 bits and 8 bits, now 16 bits and 32 bits, or even 64 bits. The maturity of the product is becoming higher and higher, and the application is becoming more and more extensive. The re-development of the chip is becoming more and more common, but MCU can not be re-developed, so it needs to use a certain platform to develop the MCU repeatedly. The emergence of online emulators will bring a lot of convenience. From the point of view of the simulation technology of the on-line simulator, the technologies used in the online simulator products in the domestic and foreign markets can be divided into Bondout simulation technology, embedded simulation technology and commercial CPU simulation technology, which can be divided into three parts: Bondout simulation technology, embedded simulation technology and commercial CPU simulation technology. There is also a general simulation technology based on FPGA, although there is no uniform product, it still occupies a certain proportion in the independent development. At present, the universal simulator technology still has no detailed implementation scheme. Based on the universal simulator framework, each sub-module is designed in detail and verified by FPGA. First, the USB communication interface program is designed, and the data flow protocol with check function is designed according to the breakpoint, single step, stop and run of the on-line simulator, which meets the communication requirement between the computer and FPGA. Secondly, the modularization design method of top-down and bottom-up is used to design the debugging module to deal with the interactive data flow. Debugging module is the most important module in the hardware part of on-line simulator, and the IP soft core of debugging module is generated by certain optimization processing. Another important part of the hardware of the on-line simulator is the MCU soft core program. The network table file can be extracted from the schematic diagram verified in virtuoso, and the extracted network table file can be simulated on the platform of virtuoso after some modification. Finally, after downloading USB interface program, debug module program, MCU soft core network table and RAM ROM generated by FPGA into FPGA, the hardware part of the whole on-line simulator is implemented in a FPGA chip. The whole online simulation system is realized after the software is connected to the computer. By sending breakpoints, single steps, stopping, running and so on, the hardware can be controlled accordingly. The corresponding IO port of the on-line simulator is connected to the LED lamp, and a simple assembly language program is compiled. The state of IO port can be observed by observing the state of LED lamp. At the same time, access oscilloscope can observe the waveform of IO port. Finally, the on-line simulator is debugged in Xilinx Spartan series XC3S700AN development board, and the universal on-line simulation system is realized.
【学位授予单位】：河北工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TP334.7

【参考文献】