存储型胶囊内镜系统设计
发布时间：2018-08-25 20:25
【摘要】：小肠结构较为复杂，传统的机械插入类及灌肠造影类小肠检查技术存在一些检测盲区，且患者在受检过程中颇为痛苦。新型的胶囊内镜系统可直观检测全部小肠的黏膜及病变情况，检测过程中患者行动自如无不适感，该系统的问世填补了小肠检查领域无创性、可视化检查的空白，已逐渐成为小肠疾病诊断的首选方案之一。 分析并比较目前市面上胶囊内镜系统的硬件设计方案，并结合胶囊内镜在临床应用中所面临的问题，提出了一种以FPGA为运算控制核心，以Micro SD存储卡直接进行数据保存的胶囊内镜设计方案。在该设计方案中，图像采集设备选用CMOS型图像传感器，，传感器自动采集图像并输出数字图像信号，图像信号交由FPGA处理并转发至Micro SD存储卡保存。该系统由3V纽扣型锂电池直接供电，其数据传输、闪光控制、CMOS传感器初始化及Micro SD卡初始化等逻辑功能则全部由FPGA实现。该设计方案的关键技术在于以FPGA来实现数据传输和外设控制功能，FPGA内部设计有图像数据接收、FIFO缓冲器、SD总线控制器、闪光控制、传感器初始化、存储卡初始化等功能模块，其中，图像数据接收模块可按照CMOS传感器的输出协议规范来同步接收图像数据，SD总线控制器则可按照Micro SD存储卡的读写协议规范来输出图像数据，而FIFO缓冲器则用来协调数据接收和数据输出的步调。 实验表明，基于FPGA和Micro SD存储卡的胶囊内镜系统可以在640×480图像分辨率及2fps帧率标准下稳定工作，单次工作时间8小时以上，完全满足临床应用标准。
[Abstract]:The structure of the small intestine is more complicated. There are some blind areas in the traditional techniques of mechanical insertion and enema examination, and the patients are very painful in the process of examination. The new capsule endoscopy system can intuitively detect the mucosal and pathological changes of the small intestine, and the patients can move freely without discomfort during the process of detection. The invention of the system fills up the blank of non-invasive and visual examination in the field of small intestinal examination. It has gradually become one of the first choice for diagnosis of small bowel diseases. This paper analyzes and compares the hardware design of capsule endoscopy system in the market at present, and puts forward a kind of arithmetic control core based on FPGA combined with the problems that capsule endoscopy is facing in clinical application. The design of capsule endoscopy with Micro SD memory card was used to store the data directly. In this design, CMOS image sensor is used in the design. The sensor automatically collects the image and outputs the digital image signal. The image signal is processed by FPGA and forwarded to the Micro SD memory card. The system is powered directly by a 3V button lithium battery, and its logic functions, such as data transmission, flash control CMOS sensor initialization and Micro SD card initialization, are all implemented by FPGA. The key technology of this design scheme lies in the realization of data transmission and peripheral control function by FPGA. The internal design of FPGA includes image data receiving FIFO buffer SD bus controller, flash control, sensor initialization, memory card initialization and so on. The image data receiving module can synchronously receive the image data according to the output protocol specification of the CMOS sensor and the SD bus controller can output the image data according to the read and write protocol specification of the Micro SD memory card. The FIFO buffer is used to coordinate the pace of data reception and data output. The experiment shows that the capsule endoscopy system based on FPGA and Micro SD memory card can work stably under 640 脳 480 image resolution and 2fps frame rate standard, and the working time is more than 8 hours.
【学位授予单位】：华中科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：TP333
[Abstract]:The structure of the small intestine is more complicated. There are some blind areas in the traditional techniques of mechanical insertion and enema examination, and the patients are very painful in the process of examination. The new capsule endoscopy system can intuitively detect the mucosal and pathological changes of the small intestine, and the patients can move freely without discomfort during the process of detection. The invention of the system fills up the blank of non-invasive and visual examination in the field of small intestinal examination. It has gradually become one of the first choice for diagnosis of small bowel diseases. This paper analyzes and compares the hardware design of capsule endoscopy system in the market at present, and puts forward a kind of arithmetic control core based on FPGA combined with the problems that capsule endoscopy is facing in clinical application. The design of capsule endoscopy with Micro SD memory card was used to store the data directly. In this design, CMOS image sensor is used in the design. The sensor automatically collects the image and outputs the digital image signal. The image signal is processed by FPGA and forwarded to the Micro SD memory card. The system is powered directly by a 3V button lithium battery, and its logic functions, such as data transmission, flash control CMOS sensor initialization and Micro SD card initialization, are all implemented by FPGA. The key technology of this design scheme lies in the realization of data transmission and peripheral control function by FPGA. The internal design of FPGA includes image data receiving FIFO buffer SD bus controller, flash control, sensor initialization, memory card initialization and so on. The image data receiving module can synchronously receive the image data according to the output protocol specification of the CMOS sensor and the SD bus controller can output the image data according to the read and write protocol specification of the Micro SD memory card. The FIFO buffer is used to coordinate the pace of data reception and data output. The experiment shows that the capsule endoscopy system based on FPGA and Micro SD memory card can work stably under 640 脳 480 image resolution and 2fps frame rate standard, and the working time is more than 8 hours.
【学位授予单位】：华中科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：TP333
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