嵌入式电力谐波检测系统的研究与实现

发布时间：2018-09-04 19:09

【摘要】：随着电力系统的不断发展,大量的电力电子设备投入到电力系统中,如变频设备、变流设备等。随着电压等级的不断升高,电力电子装置的大量投入,使得谐波污染越来越严重,这类谐波污染不仅对电力设备和通信造成影响,甚至会造成电力系统事故,直接影响了人们的生命安全和社会生产。电力系统谐波检测是减少谐波危害的首要任务,也是保证供电系统安全可靠运行的迫切需要。一直以来,设备安全经济运行仅仅依靠提高设备自身质量上,而对电能质量对其影响一直没有得到广泛关注,如何将电网谐波损害降至最低成为当前急需解决的一个问题。电力系统谐波检测是最基础也是最关键的环节,提高电能质量解决谐波污染问题,必须先对各次的谐波分量进行有效快速的准确测量,得出各次谐波的幅值和频率。近来,嵌入式技术得到飞速的发展,ARM系列微处理器具有低功耗、高性能、低成本等特点,成为当前市场应用最为广泛的嵌入式处理器之一。本文重点对电力系统谐波检测算法进行了研究,从计算速度、测量精度、以及便携性、实现难易程度、自适应能力等各个方面对常用的几种谐波检测方法进行了比较,重点分析了基于快速傅里叶变换的谐波处理分析算法,针对快速傅里叶变换在谐波检测中可能出现的频谱泄露和栅栏效应进行了深入的探讨,并给出了一种基于软件锁相环的解决方案。在理论算法研究的基础上,本文设计了一种基于嵌入式的电力谐波检测系统。该系统采用STM32处理器芯片作为系统的核心部件,系统各个功能模块分别由信号采集单元、信号调理单元、数据处理单元以及数据通信单元等部分组成。文中给出了系统各接口电路的详细设计以及整体软件的设计方案。本文最后对设计的谐波检测系统的精度和功能进行了实验验证。结果表明本文设计的谐波检测系统具有较高的测量精度,能够满足电力系统谐波检测要求,并提出了下一步需要继续研究和改进的地方。
[Abstract]:With the continuous development of power system, a large number of power electronic equipment into the power system, such as frequency conversion equipment, converter equipment and so on. With the increasing of voltage level and the large investment of power electronic devices, harmonic pollution becomes more and more serious. This kind of harmonic pollution not only affects power equipment and communication, but also causes power system accidents. It directly affects people's life safety and social production. Harmonic detection in power system is not only the most important task to reduce harmonic damage, but also the urgent need to ensure the safe and reliable operation of power supply system. For a long time, the safe and economical operation of the equipment only depends on improving the quality of the equipment itself, but the influence of the power quality on it has not been paid much attention. How to minimize the harmonic damage of the power grid has become a problem that needs to be solved urgently. Harmonic detection of power system is the most basic and the most critical link. To improve the power quality to solve the problem of harmonic pollution, we must first measure the harmonic components effectively and accurately, and get the amplitude and frequency of each harmonic. Recently, with the rapid development of embedded technology, arm series microprocessors have become one of the most widely used embedded processors in the market because of their low power consumption, high performance and low cost. In this paper, the harmonic detection algorithm of power system is studied, and several harmonic detection methods are compared from the aspects of calculation speed, measurement precision, portability, easy to realize, adaptive ability and so on. The harmonic processing algorithm based on fast Fourier transform (FFT) is analyzed, and the spectrum leakage and fence effect of FFT in harmonic detection are discussed. A solution based on software phase locked loop is presented. Based on the research of theoretical algorithm, an embedded power harmonic detection system is designed in this paper. The system adopts STM32 processor chip as the core component of the system. Each functional module of the system is composed of signal acquisition unit, signal conditioning unit, data processing unit and data communication unit, etc. The detailed design of the interface circuit and the design of the whole software are given in this paper. Finally, the accuracy and function of the harmonic detection system are verified experimentally. The results show that the harmonic detection system designed in this paper has high measuring accuracy and can meet the requirements of harmonic detection in power system.
【学位授予单位】：华北电力大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：TM935;TP368.1

【共引文献】