体感诱发电位刺激器的研究与设计

发布时间：2018-10-21 12:07

【摘要】：诱发电位是中枢神经系统在感受外在或者内在刺激过程中产生的内在生物电活动。它为医者提供了从周围感受器到高级大脑皮层的整个神经系统功能状态的信息，不仅有助于对疾病的诊断，，也加深医者对疾病的总体认识。诱发电位技术从上世纪50年代发展至今，理论和技术上日趋完善，在临床应用上日趋广泛，被称为临床神经电生理的第三大进展。与本文研究相关的体感诱发电位是诱发电位按刺激形式分出来的一种。本文的主要目的是研究并设计出一个智能化的体感诱发电位刺激器系统，其功能是产生脉冲电流，对人体进行安全的恒流刺激。刺激电流的各参数：电流的强度、频率、脉宽都受计算机控制，且参数设置精度较高，可调范围较大。整个刺激器系统与计算机和人体完全隔离，良好地避免了各种干扰、保障了病人的安全。本文首先介绍了整个刺激器系统的设计方案：以单片机为控制中心，产生脉冲电流的频率、脉宽、强度都受其控制。并对系统中各模块电路分别做了详细介绍。然后运用仿真软件对各模块电路进行模拟仿真，证明了整个系统的可行性。最后设计了一个控制界面，利用串口通信，准确控制各刺激参数，并让结果在界面上显示出来。通过本课题的研究，对诱发电位的概念、分类、发展史，以及体感刺激器的国内外现状做了详尽、准确的叙述。并且设计了一个完整的刺激器系统，实现了刺激器的智能化、安全性能以及参数调节的精确性。
[Abstract]:Evoked potential is the internal bioelectrical activity of the central nervous system in the process of sensing external or internal stimuli. It provides the doctors with the information of the whole nervous system function state from the peripheral receptors to the advanced cerebral cortex, which not only helps to diagnose the disease, but also deepens the general understanding of the disease. Since the development of evoked potential technology in 1950s, the theory and technology have become more and more perfect, and it has been widely used in clinical practice, which is called the third progress of clinical neuroelectrophysiology. Somatosensory evoked potentials (SEPs), which are related to the present study, are classified by stimulus. The main purpose of this paper is to study and design an intelligent somatosensory evoked potential stimulator system, the function of which is to generate pulse current and carry out safe constant current stimulation to human body. The parameters of the stimulation current: the intensity, frequency and pulse width of the current are controlled by the computer, and the setting accuracy of the parameters is high, and the adjustable range is large. The whole stimulator system is completely isolated from computer and human body, which avoids all kinds of interference and ensures the safety of patients. This paper first introduces the design scheme of the whole stimulator system: the frequency, pulse width and intensity of the pulse current are controlled by the single chip microcomputer as the control center. Each module circuit of the system is introduced in detail. Then the simulation software is used to simulate each module circuit, which proves the feasibility of the whole system. Finally, a control interface is designed, which uses serial port communication to accurately control the stimulus parameters, and the results are displayed on the interface. In this paper, the concept, classification, history of evoked potential and the current situation of somatosensory stimulator at home and abroad are described in detail and accurately. A complete stimulator system is designed to realize the intelligence, safety performance and the accuracy of parameter adjustment of the stimulator.
【学位授予单位】：重庆大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：R318.0;TP368.12

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