基于微内核的操作系统设计以及嵌入式虚拟化应用的研究

发布时间：2018-11-05 14:48

【摘要】：目前,随着嵌入式处理器性能的大幅度提升,以及各种高带宽网络通信技术的逐渐普及,嵌入式虚拟化技术在军用、民用领域的应用已经初见端倪,但是并未形成统一的模式和固定的标准。各种微内核操作系统,也逐渐在诸如消费电子、汽车电子等系统定制领域,取得了巨大的成功,其微内核系统设计方法,也被众多设计人员和主流厂商所采纳。因此,本文研究目标之一是从设计方法的角度探讨微内核操作系统的设计原理和相关技术,并对微内核技术进行归纳和总结；研究目标之二是基于微内核设计方法探讨嵌入式虚拟化方案,以及嵌入式虚拟化平台的实现技术细节；研究目标之三是基于已有嵌入式虚拟化平台,构建安全可靠体系解决方案,对提升目前嵌入式系统比如3G/4G时代的手机平板和各种设备的安全性和可靠性,也有重要意义。本论文首先以微内核操作系统的设计方法为基础,依次讨论第一代微内核、第二代微内核、第三代微内核的设计思路以及工业界若干微内核的设计方法,并归纳微内核技术发展的方向和趋势。第一代微内核向第二代微内核演化的驱动力在于提高微内核性能：由于在第二代微内核设计过程中,过于强调性能而忽略了很多安全问题,在解决这些问题的过程中导致了第三代微内核的产生。论文特别指出,虚拟化已经成为当前微内核研究的主要方向之一。其次,讨论虚拟化技术和微内核技术的关系,并以嵌入式虚拟化为主要目标,论证所采用的嵌入式虚拟化主要采用半虚拟化和支持POSIX PSE51的Ⅰ型虚拟化基本方案。再次,设计并实现基于第二代微内核和第三代微内核系统的嵌入式虚拟化平台L4eRTL和L4eRTL.OC,其中包括内存虚拟化、中断虚拟化和定时器虚拟化等,并对运行情况和结果进行了测试和评估。相对于基于第二代微内核的嵌入式虚拟化平台,基于第三代微内核的嵌入式虚拟化平台在安全可靠性方面有了大幅提升,能提供更高的保护性和更严格的隔离性。并以本论文实现的嵌入式虚拟化平台为基础,提出了基于嵌入式虚拟化平台的一种可靠体系架构,并以PC步进电机控制系统作为可靠体系架构的应用实例。
[Abstract]:At present, with the rapid improvement of embedded processor performance and the gradual popularization of various high-bandwidth network communication technologies, the application of embedded virtualization technology in military and civilian fields has begun to emerge. But did not form the unified pattern and the fixed standard. A variety of micro-kernel operating systems, such as consumer electronics, automotive electronics and other system customization field, has achieved great success, its microkernel system design methods, also adopted by many designers and mainstream manufacturers. Therefore, one of the research objectives of this paper is to discuss the design principles and related technologies of the microkernel operating system from the point of view of design methods, and summarize the microkernel technology. The second research goal is to discuss the embedded virtualization scheme based on the microkernel design method and the implementation technology details of the embedded virtualization platform. The third goal is to build a secure and reliable architecture solution based on the existing embedded virtualization platform. It is also of great significance to improve the security and reliability of embedded systems such as mobile phone tablets and various devices in the 3G/4G era. Firstly, based on the design method of microkernel operating system, the first generation microkernel, the second generation microkernel, the third generation microkernel and the design method of several microkernels in industry are discussed in this paper. The development direction and trend of micro-nuclear technology are also summarized. The driving force behind the evolution from the first generation of microkernels to the second generation of microkernels is to improve the performance of microkernels: due to the emphasis on performance in the design of the second generation microkernels, many security problems have been overlooked. In the process of solving these problems, the third generation microkernels were produced. In particular, virtualization has become one of the main research directions of microkernel. Secondly, the relationship between virtualization technology and microkernel is discussed, and the main goal of embedded virtualization is to demonstrate that the embedded virtualization is mainly based on paravirtualization and the basic scheme of type I virtualization supporting POSIX PSE51. Thirdly, we design and implement the embedded virtualization platforms L4eRTL and L4eRTL.OCbased on the second generation microkernel and the third generation microkernel system, including memory virtualization, interrupt virtualization and timer virtualization, etc. The operation and results are tested and evaluated. Compared with the embedded virtualization platform based on the second generation microkernel, the third generation microkernel-based embedded virtualization platform has greatly improved in terms of security and reliability, which can provide higher protection and more strict isolation. Based on the embedded virtualization platform realized in this paper, a reliable architecture based on embedded virtualization platform is proposed, and the PC stepper motor control system is taken as an application example of reliable architecture.
【学位授予单位】：兰州大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：TP368.1

【共引文献】