嵌入式系统中设备虚拟化的关键技术研究

发布时间：2018-11-09 20:45

【摘要】：虚拟化技术在x86平台上的应用已渐趋成熟，在嵌入式平台上的应用才刚刚开始。其最大的挑战在于设备虚拟化。传统设备虚拟化方法大多偏重于系统的稳定性和安全性，而对系统的性能考虑不够。针对嵌入式平台的特点，借鉴x86平台的设备虚拟化方法，参考已有的嵌入式平台的设备虚拟化方法，研究了嵌入式平台的设备虚拟化问题，提出了一种嵌入式平台下基于虚拟机管理器的设备虚拟化方法。该方法将所有设备的驱动程序整合进虚拟机管理器中，与虚拟机管理器一起运行于最高特权级。并以此为基础，利用超级调用为虚拟机提供设备I/O接口。通过事件通道模拟虚拟机的硬件中断，在共享内存、虚拟机管理器与虚拟机内存拷贝等机制的保证下，实现了嵌入式系统的设备虚拟化，达到了同一份硬件设备在多个虚拟机之间的共享。根据上述方法，在Xen-ARM嵌入式虚拟化系统的基础上设计实现了一个新的嵌入式虚拟化系统VNeo。经实验验证，在单个安卓（Android）虚拟机运行时，VNeo虚拟化平台虚拟机SD卡读写性能总评分相比于原生的安卓系统降低了6.2%，帧缓存设备绘图性能总评分与原生的安卓系统相当；在两个安卓虚拟机运行的情况下，，VNeo虚拟化平台虚拟机的SD卡读写性能总评分相比于原生的安卓系统降低了61.14%，相当于单虚拟机情况下的一半，帧缓存设备绘图性能总评分相比于原生的安卓系统降低了40.56%，大体上也是单虚拟机情况下的一半。
[Abstract]:The application of virtualization technology on x86 platform has matured gradually, and the application on embedded platform has just begun. The biggest challenge is device virtualization. Most of the traditional virtualization methods focus on the stability and security of the system, but the performance of the system is not considered enough. According to the characteristics of embedded platform, referring to the method of device virtualization of x86 platform, referring to the existing methods of device virtualization of embedded platform, this paper studies the problem of device virtualization of embedded platform. This paper presents a virtual device virtualization method based on virtual machine manager in embedded platform. The method integrates drivers of all devices into the virtual machine manager and runs with the virtual machine manager at the highest privilege level. Based on this, the device I / O interface is provided by super call. Under the guarantee of shared memory, virtual machine manager and virtual machine memory copy, the device virtualization of embedded system is realized. The sharing of the same hardware device between multiple virtual machines is achieved. According to the above methods, a new embedded virtualization system, VNeo., is designed and implemented on the basis of Xen-ARM embedded virtualization system. Experimental results show that when a single Android (Android) virtual machine is running, the total score of read and write performance of the SD card on the VNeo virtualization platform is 6.2 lower than that of the native Android system. The overall performance score of the frame cache device is comparable to that of the native Android system; With two Android virtual machines running, the SD card read and write performance of the VNeo virtualization platform is 61.14 less than that of the native Android, half as much as in the case of a single virtual machine. The overall performance score of frame caching devices is 40.56 lower than that of native Android devices and roughly half that of a single virtual machine.
【学位授予单位】：华中科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：TP368.1;TP302

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