机载数字化罗盘控制盒的设计与实现

发布时间：2018-12-11 02:33

【摘要】：目前在导航接收系统中，通常需要控制盒来完成对机载设备的加电、工作频率或波道的转换、系统音量、显示亮度等功能的操作与控制，而控制盒中的核心部份即是单片机。单片机已广泛应用于仪器仪表、航空航天、专用设备的智能化控制等领域。本项目是通过对控制盒的核心部份单片机的选型和相应的软硬件设计，实现数字化罗盘对控制盒的功能需求。首先本项目对国内外同类型的控制盒进行了充分的调研、分析；按照无线电罗盘的军用和民用标准，以及数字化罗盘的功能要求确定出控制盒需具备的各项功能。根据控制盒的功能要求和目前单片机的发展趋势选择适宜的单片机，按照数字化罗盘控制盒的产品功能需求和顾客的实际操作需求确定出控制盒的设计方案，从硬件和软件上对控制盒进行功能模块化的划分。其次本项目对控制盒硬件部份进行了合理规划，将硬件按功能划分为控制面板、显示板和微处理板等三个部份。对控制面板的操作按键和旋钮以及显示板部份进行组合设计，在核心的微处理板部份采用目前运用较多的ATmega128芯片作为微处理器，整体上简化了控制盒的硬件结构，对硬件从结构和电路上进行优化，实现了控制盒硬件的可靠性、安全性和维修性设计。对软件部份本项目按功能要求进行了模块化划分，划分为按键扫描模块、波道调节模块、旋钮检测模块、同步模块、频率调节模块、音量/亮度调节模块、自检模块、与FPGA通信模块、屏幕显示模块。对各功能模块软件详细描述了软件的设计思路，对相应功能软件进行了优化设计，提出了控制盒与收讯主机的通信协议要求和程序设计要求，实现了控制盒数据传输系统进行了防差错设计和控制系统软件的抗干扰设计。数字化罗盘控制盒的软件和硬件设计方案，经过工程化设计和样机试制得到实现。通过对工程化样机实物在试制过程中的问题处理和最终的产品性能功能测试，，证明能有效地与罗盘收讯机和另一个控制盒进行通信，实现人机控制功能，达到了数字化罗盘对控制盒的功能和性能需求。
[Abstract]:At present, in the navigation receiving system, the control box is usually needed to complete the operation and control of the on-board equipment, the conversion of the working frequency or the channel, the system volume, the display brightness and so on. The core part of the control box is the single chip microcomputer. Single-chip computer has been widely used in instrument, aerospace, intelligent control of special equipment and other fields. Through the selection of the core part of the control box and the corresponding software and hardware design, this project realizes the function requirement of the digital compass to the control box. First of all, the control box of the same type at home and abroad has been fully investigated and analyzed, and according to the military and civil standards of the radio compass and the function requirements of the digital compass, the functions of the control box are determined. According to the function requirement of the control box and the development trend of the single chip microcomputer, the design scheme of the control box is determined according to the function requirement of the digital compass control box and the practical operation demand of the customer. The function of the control box is divided from hardware and software. Secondly, the hardware part of the control box is reasonably planned, and the hardware is divided into three parts according to its function: control panel, display panel and micro-processing board. The operation keys, knobs and display panel parts of the control panel are designed in combination. In the core micro-processing board, more ATmega128 chips are used as microprocessors at present, which simplifies the hardware structure of the control box as a whole. The design of reliability, security and maintainability of the control box hardware is realized by optimizing the hardware structure and circuit. According to the function requirement, the software part is divided into three modules: keystroke scanning module, channel adjusting module, knob detecting module, synchronous module, frequency adjusting module, volume / luminance adjusting module, self-checking module, etc. Communicate with FPGA module, screen display module. The design idea of each function module software is described in detail, the corresponding function software is optimized, and the communication protocol requirements and program design requirements between the control box and the receiving host are put forward. The control box data transmission system is designed for error prevention and anti-interference design of control system software. The software and hardware design of the digital compass control box is realized through engineering design and prototype trial production. Through dealing with the problems in the process of trial manufacture of the engineering prototype and testing the function of the final product, it is proved that it can communicate effectively with the compass receiver and another control box, and realize the man-machine control function. The function and performance requirements of the digital compass for the control box are achieved.
【学位授予单位】：电子科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：V249.122;TP368.12

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