手术中呼吸音监测系统的设计与实现

发布时间：2018-12-24 13:40

【摘要】：在手术进行中，如果病人的呼吸系统自身发生了病变，又或者某个呼吸器官病变，他们逐步恶化必然影响到呼吸中枢；人体内部脏器发生异变，，同样累及呼吸系统；呼吸系统的衰竭更会致使其它内脏的衰竭；他们互为因果，所以我们必须高度重视手术中病人呼吸的监测与管理。目前国际公认术中病人呼吸功能的规范化监测对于防止呼吸系统的不良反应或事故发生，保障病人的安全至关重要。呼吸音是对病人呼吸功能进行检测的一种重要手段，病人的潮气量、肺通气功能、肺容量、呼吸动力学、换气功能和血液气体分析等都可由呼吸音体现出来，有不可取代的优势。但是，传统的呼吸音监测主要是听诊器听诊肺部，医生做出主观判断，存在多方面的不足。用可视化波形显示、运算处理后提取特征参数，建立特征参数库表征呼吸功能，将在手术中呼吸监测有很大的实用价值。本文在分析了当前国内外呼吸功能监测分析系统的基础上，运用数字信号处理技术，设计了基于DSP的手术中病人呼吸音信号实时监测显示、存储与运算分析处理的系统。本系统硬件设计首先用HKY-06F呼吸音传感器采集手术中病人的呼吸音信号， TMS320VC5509A为主控芯片，控制AIC23芯片对信号模数和数模转换。DSP处理后的数据送于KM12864LCD显示模块中显示，存储数据时设计了4G的SD卡存储模块，完成移动存储功能。最后用TL16C550芯片扩展设计了串口通信模块，可在电脑上通过一个GUI应用程序方便地将呼吸音提取出来显示或分析。软件部分是在CCS3.3开发环境下C语言编写的程序，使主控芯片与各子模块正常运行并完成FIR滤波处理，潮气量、频率、能量均值等部分呼吸音特征参数提取。最后，对设计好的呼吸音监测系统进行了调试与结果分析，使该监测系统初步完成以下功能：液晶图形显示下实时监测病人的呼吸音信号，数据SD卡存储、串口通信功能。很好的实现了手术中呼吸功能监测的目的，可应用在辅助手术中，保证病人的生命安全。
[Abstract]:In the course of operation, if the patient's respiratory system has its own pathological changes, or a disease of a respiratory organ, they will gradually deteriorate to affect the respiratory center, the internal organs of the human body will change, and the respiratory system will also be involved. Respiratory failure is more likely to cause other viscera failure; they are causality, so we must attach great importance to the monitoring and management of breathing in patients undergoing surgery. At present, it is recognized that the standardized monitoring of patients' respiratory function during operation is very important to prevent adverse reactions or accidents of respiratory system and to ensure the safety of patients. Respiratory sound is an important method to measure the respiratory function of patients. The tidal volume, pulmonary ventilation function, lung volume, respiratory dynamics, ventilation function and blood gas analysis of patients can all be reflected by breath sounds. There is an irreplaceable advantage. However, the traditional monitoring of respiratory sounds is mainly stethoscope auscultation lung, doctors make subjective judgment, there are many shortcomings. Visual waveform display, extraction of characteristic parameters after operation, and establishment of feature parameter library to characterize respiratory function will be of great practical value in respiratory monitoring during surgery. Based on the analysis of the current respiratory function monitoring and analysis systems at home and abroad, this paper designs a real-time monitoring, storage and operation analysis system for respiratory sound signals of patients during operation based on DSP using digital signal processing technology. The hardware design of the system first uses HKY-06F respiratory sound sensor to collect the respiratory sound signal of the patient during operation. TMS320VC5509A is the main control chip, which controls the conversion between signal A / D and digital-analog signal on the AIC23 chip. The data processed by DSP is sent to the KM12864LCD display module to display. The storage module of 4G SD card is designed to realize the function of mobile storage. Finally, the serial communication module is designed with TL16C550 chip, which can be easily extracted and analyzed by a GUI application program on the computer. The software part is a program written in C language under the CCS3.3 development environment, which makes the main control chip and each sub-module run normally and completes the FIR filtering processing, moisture volume, frequency, energy mean and other partial respiration characteristic parameters extraction. Finally, the designed respiratory sound monitoring system is debugged and analyzed, which makes the monitoring system perform the following functions: real time monitoring of patient's respiratory sound signal under LCD graphics, storage of data SD card and serial port communication function. The purpose of monitoring respiratory function during operation is well realized and can be used in auxiliary surgery to ensure the life safety of patients.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：TP368.1;TN911.7

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