多核环境下动态功耗管理框架的研究及在aCoral中的应用

发布时间：2019-03-25 14:41

【摘要】：随着人们对计算性能需求的不断扩展和技术的快速发展，多核的发展日趋成熟并且已经开始在传统PC甚至嵌入式领域广泛应用。然而，随着芯片集成度的提高，功耗已经和性能、时钟频率、芯片尺寸共同成为衡量处理器优劣的主要标准，也成为了多核处理器性能发挥和提升的严重制约。因此针对多核系统的功耗管理技术的研究已经成为近年来多核研究领域的热点课题，也是当前系统功耗管理研究的主要方向。本文对操作系统功耗管理技术的研究重点之一——功耗管理框架进行了分析和研究，并结合多核芯片和多核操作系统的特性提出了多核环境下动态功耗管理框架的抽象模型以及在aCoral中的应用实现。本文主要工作和成果如下： (1)对国内外多核技术、多核操作系统和功耗管理技术的发展情况进行了研究，分析了这几个领域的发展趋势和研究重点，引出了研究多核环境下功耗管理框架的重要性。 (2)对操作系统功耗管理的相关技术和规范进行了介绍，主要包括DPM技术、DVFS技术以及APM和ACPI功耗管理规范。 (3)对当前热门的嵌入式操作系统Linux的功耗管理框架进行了简单研究和分析，对各框架的优缺点进行了总结，为下一步研究工作提供参考。 (4)在前面研究的基础上抽象出了操作系统功耗管理框架的必要模块，提出了一个通用的功耗管理框架模型——GA-PMA，并且简单描述了该模型中各管理模块间的交互关系。 (5)基于GA-PMA模型以及功耗管理相关技术和规范，结合多核芯片特性，提出了aCoral中功耗管理框架的设计方案，并实现了其中的核心子模块。本文提出的GA-PMA模型是一个高度抽象的通用模型，它体现了操作系统功耗管理框架的特点和设计要点，该框架模型不仅适用于单核系统，也适用于多核系统。基于GA-PMA模型所实现的aCoral功耗管理框架充分利用了多核处理器的功耗特性，，能够在多核环境下对系统动态功耗进行有效管理，也能对DPM技术和DVFS技术提供支持，是一个较为完整的多核系统动态功耗管理框架。
[Abstract]:With the continuous expansion of computing performance requirements and the rapid development of technology, the development of multi-core is becoming more and more mature and has been widely used in traditional PC and even embedded systems. However, with the improvement of chip integration, power consumption and performance, clock frequency and chip size have become the main criteria to measure the performance of multi-core processors, and also become a serious constraint to the performance of multi-core processors. Therefore, the research of power management technology for multi-core systems has become a hot topic in the field of multi-core research in recent years, and it is also the main research direction of power management of multi-core systems. This paper analyzes and studies the power management framework, which is one of the key technologies of operating system power management. Combined with the characteristics of multi-core chip and multi-core operating system, the abstract model of dynamic power management framework in multi-core environment and its application in aCoral are proposed. The main work and achievements of this paper are as follows: (1) the development of multi-core technology, multi-core operating system and power management technology at home and abroad are studied, and the development trend and research focus of these fields are analyzed. The importance of studying power management framework in multi-core environment is introduced. (2) the related technologies and specifications of operating system power management are introduced, including DPM technology, DVFS technology and APM and ACPI power management specification. (3) the power management framework of Linux, a popular embedded operating system, is simply studied and analyzed, and the advantages and disadvantages of each framework are summarized, which provides a reference for further research. (4) on the basis of the previous research, the necessary modules of the operating system power management framework are abstracted, and a general power management framework model, GA-PMA, is proposed, and the interaction between the management modules in the model is simply described. (5) based on the GA-PMA model and the related technologies and specifications of power management, combined with the characteristics of multi-core chips, the design scheme of power management framework in aCoral is proposed, and the core sub-modules are implemented. The GA-PMA model proposed in this paper is a highly abstract general model, which embodies the characteristics and design essentials of the operating system power management framework. The framework model is suitable not only for single-core systems but also for multi-core systems. The aCoral power management framework based on the GA-PMA model makes full use of the power consumption characteristics of multi-core processors, and can effectively manage the dynamic power consumption of the system in a multi-core environment, and can also support DPM and DVFS technologies. Is a relatively complete multi-core system dynamic power management framework.
【学位授予单位】：电子科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：TP332

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