多功能汽车行驶记录仪的设计与实现

发布时间：2019-05-28 01:40

【摘要】：近年来，随着我国经济的发展与城市化进程的加快，我国的汽车工业得到了飞速的发展，，但同时也面临着交通事故频发，事故责任认定缺乏第一手资料的困境。同时，汽车保有量的急骤增加也带来了交通严重拥堵、燃料浪费严重、环境污染加剧等各方面问题。开发一种集传统车辆行驶记录仪、导航、视频（图片）实时传输、智能调度于一体的多功能汽车行驶记录仪是各国纷纷提倡的智能运输系统能够发挥作用的基础所在。本文详细论述了支持ITS的多功能汽车行驶记录仪的设计与实现。首先，本文针对汽车行驶记录仪在国内外的应用背景及现状，确定了本项目的整体架构即采用ARM加LINUX的嵌入式整体解决方案，并论述了从硬件到系统进行合理选型的原因及目标。为了增强记录仪的功能，相对于现有的记录仪，本系统增加了GPS、摄像头、3G等多个模块，实现了车辆实时定位、实时图像采集与传输（图片方式）功能。其次，本文对汽车行驶记录的硬件电路进行了详细设计，包括电源电路、时钟电路、数据采集电路、存储系统电路、通信电路、LCD屏接口电路、3G通信接口电路、GPS模块接口电路、IC卡读取电路、SD卡接口电路、摄像头接口电路等。再次，本文对对系统软件进行了详细分析，着重介绍了BootLoader原理及U-Boot移植，以及嵌入式Linux内核的裁剪与移植，并将之成功移植到目标平台上。并基于此目标平台，编写了LCD、测速、SD卡、IC卡等接口的底层驱动程序。同时本文在应用程序领域进行了研究，定义了数据存储格式，确定了车辆行驶状态数据处理流程，编写了基于嵌入式Linux的GPS数据读取程序等。最后，论文对整个课题的研究与设计工作进行了总结，展望了今后进一步的相关工作。
[Abstract]:In recent years, with the development of economy and the acceleration of urbanization in our country, the automobile industry of our country has been developed rapidly, but at the same time, it is also facing the dilemma of frequent traffic accidents and lack of first-hand information on the identification of accident responsibility. At the same time, the rapid increase of car ownership has also brought about serious traffic congestion, serious fuel waste, environmental pollution and other problems. The development of a multifunctional vehicle driving recorder, which integrates traditional vehicle driving recorder, navigation, video (picture) real-time transmission and intelligent dispatching, is the basis of the intelligent transportation system advocated by many countries. In this paper, the design and implementation of multifunctional vehicle driving recorder supporting ITS are discussed in detail. First of all, according to the application background and present situation of automobile driving recorder at home and abroad, this paper determines the overall architecture of this project, that is, the embedded whole solution of ARM and LINUX. The reasons and objectives of reasonable selection from hardware to system are also discussed. In order to enhance the function of the recorder, compared with the existing recorder, the system adds several modules, such as GPS, camera, 3G and so on, to realize the functions of real-time vehicle positioning, real-time image acquisition and transmission (picture mode). Secondly, the hardware circuit of automobile driving record is designed in detail, including power supply circuit, clock circuit, data acquisition circuit, memory system circuit, communication circuit, LCD screen interface circuit, 3G communication interface circuit. GPS module interface circuit, IC card reading circuit, SD card interface circuit, camera interface circuit and so on. Thirdly, this paper analyzes the system software in detail, focuses on the principle of BootLoader and U-Boot migration, as well as the cutting and porting of embedded Linux kernel, and successfully transplanting it to the target platform. Based on this target platform, the bottom driver of LCD, speed measurement, SD card, IC card and other interfaces is written. At the same time, this paper studies in the field of application program, defines the data storage format, determines the data processing flow of vehicle driving state, and compiles the GPS data reading program based on embedded Linux. Finally, the research and design work of the whole subject is summarized, and the further related work in the future is prospected.
【学位授予单位】：湖南科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：TP368.1;TP216.2

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