小型离心风机机械振动分析及实验研究

发布时间：2018-01-06 19:16

本文关键词：小型离心风机机械振动分析及实验研究　出处：《华中科技大学》2011年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：振动是衡量离心风机运行好坏的重要指标之一。离心风机的振动和动力学问题成为了关系到企业正常生产和设备安全的关键技术。风机叶轮和蜗壳作为风机的主要部件,其性能对风机效率有极大的影响,是风机运行时振动和噪声的主要来源,因此,对其振动特性进行研究非常必要。离心风机叶轮是风机能量转换的核心部件,叶轮的好坏直接影响到风机的安全系数。本文利用ANSYS软件对叶轮进行了强度计算和模态分析,并结合实际实验和反复的试算,提出了叶轮的设计优化方案,优化叶轮无论从加工性能和力学性能方面讲,都比现用叶轮更具优势。蜗壳是风机振动产生的主要部位之一。本文对蜗壳的固有频率进行了模拟计算,并探讨了蜗壳不同部位壁厚的改变对其固有频率的影响,提出了蜗壳的优化方案,使其固有频率远离风机系统的基频及其倍频。叶轮不平衡产生的偏心力是引起离心风机振动的重要原因之一。本文利用ANSYS有限元分析软件对风机支撑底座进行了模态分析,求出了支撑底座的固有频率;然后在支撑底座模态分析的基础上分析了其在叶轮偏心力作用下的动态响应特性;并探寻了在不同的减振器刚度和不用的减振器布置方式下,支撑底座的动态响应变化规律,得到了现有支撑底座尺寸下最合适的减振器刚度以及现有减振器刚度下最优的减振器布置范围,对后续的风机支撑底座结构优化有很好的指导作用。
[Abstract]:Vibration is one of the important indexes to evaluate the operation of centrifugal fan. The vibration and dynamics of centrifugal fan have become the key technology related to the normal production and equipment safety of the enterprise. The fan impeller and volute are the main fans. I need parts. Its performance has great influence on fan efficiency and is the main source of vibration and noise in fan operation. Therefore, it is very necessary to study its vibration characteristics. Centrifugal fan impeller is the core component of fan energy conversion, and the impeller directly affects the safety factor of fan. The strength calculation and modal analysis of impeller are carried out by using ANSYS software. Combined with practical experiments and repeated trial and calculation, the design optimization scheme of impeller is put forward. The optimization of impeller is superior to that of current impeller in terms of processing performance and mechanical property. Volute is one of the main parts of fan vibration. In this paper, the natural frequency of volute is simulated and calculated, and the influence of different wall thickness of volute on its natural frequency is discussed. The optimization scheme of volute case is put forward to keep its natural frequency away from the basic frequency and double frequency of fan system. The eccentric force caused by impeller unbalance is one of the important causes of centrifugal fan vibration. In this paper, the modal analysis of fan supporting base is carried out by using ANSYS finite element analysis software. The natural frequency of the supporting base is obtained. Based on the modal analysis of the supporting base, the dynamic response characteristics under the eccentric force of the impeller are analyzed. The dynamic response of the supporting base is studied under the different stiffness of the shock absorber and the arrangement of the vibration absorber. The optimum shock absorber stiffness under the existing supporting base size and the optimal shock absorber layout range under the existing shock absorber stiffness are obtained, which can be used as a good guide for the subsequent structural optimization of the fan support base.
【学位授予单位】：华中科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：TH432;TB535

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