桥式起重机箱形主梁的结构仿生优化设计

发布时间：2018-01-07 05:36

本文关键词：桥式起重机箱形主梁的结构仿生优化设计　出处：《中北大学》2013年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：为适应现代制造业激烈的竞争环境，提高自主创新能力，加强新的设计方法和设计理论在起重机金属结构设计上的应用。本文基于结构仿生优化设计思想，结合拓扑优化分析，对QD75T/31.5m桥式起重机最主要的金属结构——箱形主梁，进行了结构仿生优化设计研究，设计结果可供起重机设计人员参考。同时为起重机突破传统经验设计提供了一种新的设计思路。本文主要完成了以下几个方面的内容： (1)阐述了起重机在装备制造业中的重要性，综述了起重机的发展现状、研究方向和现代设计方法。引入仿生学设计思想，介绍了仿生学方面的研究背景。论述了本课题研究的目的及意义。 (2)阐述了结构仿生的概念，研究内容和一般设计流程及相似性评价标准，指出了结构仿生过程中需要注意的问题，探讨了结构仿生与结构优化之间的联系。 (3)简要介绍了桥式起重机的主要技术参数和基本组成部件。使用传统设计方法设计出桥式起重机的箱形主梁，作为后续结构仿生设计的原模型。用有限元分析软件对仿生原型进行静力学分析与模态分析，得到仿生原型的最大变形、最大应力和前六阶模态的固有频率。结合有限元分析结果与主梁的校核准则对仿生原型进行了校核。 (4)基于结构仿生理论的设计思想，寻找生物原型，凭借模糊相似理论对生物原型与箱形主梁进行相似度计算，确定分别以竹子和王莲为生物原型。对竹子和王莲两种生物原型的结构和构型规律进行了研究和提取，并应用于桥式起重机箱形主梁的结构仿生优化设计研究中，建立了两种仿生型主梁模型，并对仿生型主梁进行了静力学分析和模态分析。 (5)对比两种仿生型主梁与原型主梁的有限元分析结果，结果显示两种仿生型主梁在减重和提高比刚度、比强度方面具有明显的优化效果，，证明结构仿生设计在桥式起重机箱形主梁的优化设计中确实有效可行。
[Abstract]:In order to adapt to the fierce competition environment of modern manufacturing industry, improve the ability of independent innovation, and strengthen the application of new design method and design theory in crane metal structure design, this paper based on the idea of structural bionic optimization design. Combined with topology optimization analysis, the structural bionic optimization design of the main metal structure-box girder of QD75T/31.5m bridge crane is studied. The design results can be used as a reference for crane designers. At the same time, it provides a new design idea for cranes to break through the traditional experience design. The main contents of this paper are as follows: This paper expounds the importance of crane in the equipment manufacturing industry, summarizes the present situation, research direction and modern design method of crane, and introduces the idea of bionic design. The research background of bionics is introduced, and the purpose and significance of this research are discussed. This paper expounds the concept of structural bionics, the research contents, general design flow and similarity evaluation criteria, and points out the problems needing attention in the process of structural bionics. The relationship between structural bionics and structural optimization is discussed. The main technical parameters and basic components of the bridge crane are briefly introduced. The box girder of the bridge crane is designed by using the traditional design method. As the original model of the subsequent bionic design, the static analysis and modal analysis of the bionic prototype are carried out by using the finite element analysis software, and the maximum deformation of the bionic prototype is obtained. The maximum stress and the natural frequency of the first six modes are combined with the results of the finite element analysis and the check criterion of the main beam to check the bionic prototype. 4) based on the design idea of structural bionic theory, to find the biological prototype, and calculate the similarity between the biological prototype and the box girder by the fuzzy similarity theory. Using bamboo and lotus as biological prototypes, the structure and configuration of bamboo and Wang lotus were studied and extracted. Two kinds of bionic main beam models are established in the study of structural bionic optimization design of box-shaped main girder of bridge crane, and static and modal analysis of bionic main girder are carried out. 5) the finite element analysis results of two kinds of bionic main beams and prototype main beams are compared. The results show that the two kinds of bionic main beams have obvious optimization effect in reducing weight, increasing specific stiffness and specific strength. It is proved that the structural bionic design is effective and feasible in the optimization design of the box girder of the bridge crane.
【学位授予单位】：中北大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：TH215

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