基于磁悬浮轴承的高速锭子的减振研究

发布时间：2018-05-20 01:01

本文选题：减振 + 高速锭子　；参考：《东华大学》2011年硕士论文

【摘要】：锭子作为纺纱加捻和卷绕的主要部件,其运转情况的好坏直接影响纺织产品的产量和质量。随着现代工业的发展,锭子的转速不断提高,提升了企业的生产能力,但锭子高速所带来的问题也日益显著,锭子振动引起的寿命短、噪声大、运行欠稳定等问题引起了研究人员的关注,其减振技术也成为研究的热点。在这样的应用背景下,本课题设计了用于高速锭子减振的磁悬浮轴承。该磁悬浮轴承为轴向充磁的斥力型径向永磁轴承,利用永磁轴承的无摩擦、无磨损、功耗小、无需润滑等优点,结合高速锭子自身的支承特性,分析了永磁轴承-锭子系统的动力学特性,针对降低锭子的径向振幅,通过仿真得出高速锭子在有、无永磁轴承情况下的振动情况。最后通过实验进行验证,取得了较好的减振效果。本文前期的工作内容主要为磁浮轴承-锭子系统的动力学理论分析,后期为磁浮轴承-锭子系统的实验验证。首先,根据等效磁荷法分析了永磁轴承的力学特性,并在永磁轴承的设计方面利用MATLAB软件分析了磁环径向厚度、磁环轴向高度及磁环气隙对永磁轴承刚度的影响。本文结合锭子实际条件确定了永磁轴承的结构,从而使设计的永磁轴承的性能达到最优。其次,对永磁轴承单自由度系统的动力学特性进行分析,随后建立永磁轴承-锭子系统的数学模型,分析永磁轴承-锭子多自由度系统的动力学特性。利用MATLAB软件进行仿真,得到锭子在有/无永磁轴承情况下的振动情况,为后期实验提供参考。最后,对设计的永磁轴承-锭子系统进行减振实验,主要是在DGY-1型锭子轨迹测定仪上进行有/无永磁轴承的升速、恒速以及降速实验。实验结果由压电式加速度传感器对振动信号进行测量,并经数据采集卡进入上位机,再通过分析软件对磁浮轴承-锭子系统的振动信号进行分析处理得出。实验结果表明,加入永磁轴承后能够降低高速锭子的振幅,与理论分析结果相符。
[Abstract]:Spindle as the main component of spinning twisting and winding, its running condition directly affects the output and quality of textile products. With the development of modern industry, the rotating speed of the spindle has been increasing, and the production capacity of the enterprise has been increased. However, the problems caused by the high speed of the spindle are becoming more and more obvious. The vibration of the spindle causes short life and high noise. The problem of unstable operation has attracted the attention of researchers, and its damping technology has also become a hot research topic. In such an application background, a magnetic suspension bearing for high speed spindle vibration absorption is designed. The magnetic suspension bearing is a repulsive radial permanent magnetic bearing with axial magnetization. It combines the support characteristics of the high speed spindle with the advantages of no friction, no wear, low power consumption and no lubrication of the permanent magnetic bearing. The dynamic characteristics of the permanent magnet bearing-spindle system are analyzed. In order to reduce the radial amplitude of the spindle, the vibration of the high-speed spindle with or without permanent magnetic bearings is obtained by simulation. Finally, the results are verified by experiments, and a good vibration reduction effect is obtained. The main work of this paper is the theoretical analysis of maglev bearing-spindle system, and the experimental verification of maglev bearing-spindle system at the later stage. Firstly, according to the equivalent magnetic charge method, the mechanical properties of the permanent magnetic bearing are analyzed, and the influence of the radial thickness of the magnetic ring, the axial height of the magnetic ring and the air gap of the magnetic ring on the stiffness of the permanent magnetic bearing is analyzed by using MATLAB software in the design of the permanent magnetic bearing. In this paper, the structure of the permanent magnetic bearing is determined according to the actual conditions of the spindle, and the performance of the designed permanent magnetic bearing is optimized. Secondly, the dynamic characteristics of the single degree of freedom system of permanent magnet bearing are analyzed, and then the mathematical model of the system of permanent magnet bearing and spindle is established, and the dynamic characteristics of the system of multiple degrees of freedom of permanent magnet bearing spindle are analyzed. The vibration of spindles with and without permanent magnetic bearings is obtained by simulation with MATLAB software, which provides a reference for later experiments. Finally, the vibration absorption experiments of the designed permanent magnetic bearing-spindle system are carried out, which are mainly carried out on the DGY-1 spindle locus tester with or without permanent magnetic bearings, including raising speed, constant speed and falling speed. The experimental results are measured by piezoelectric accelerometer and entered into the upper computer by data acquisition card. Then the vibration signal of the magnetic bearing spindle system is analyzed and processed by the analysis software. The experimental results show that the amplitude of high speed spindle can be reduced by adding permanent magnetic bearing, which is in agreement with the theoretical analysis.
【学位授予单位】：东华大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：TH133.3

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