复合工况下高速滚动轴承的寿命和可靠性预测

发布时间：2018-08-20 10:26

【摘要】：滚动轴承在航空航天及轨道交通等工况苛刻与可靠度要求极高的领域均有着广泛的应用，是传动部分的关键零部件。对选用轴承的寿命预测过大，一旦轴承提前失效，将导致传动部分甚至整个系统发生严重的故障。轴承的寿命估计过小，致使过早更换轴承，拆装过程会大大增加维护成本。本课题研究了工况对轴承寿命的影响，并提出了复合工况与高可靠度条件下轴承寿命的修正计算方法。传统的ISO寿命计算方法，只能针对常用内部几何结构的轴承，在一般可靠度要求下，计算仅受轴向力与径向力的滚动轴承疲劳寿命。该方法利用基于经验选取的修正系数，针对材料及工作条件进行修正，不但修正的精确度不够，，同时也无法考虑弯矩、装配、温度等对轴承寿命的影响。本文首先对多种基本额定寿命的计算公式进行分析与比较，确定利用Harris改进的L-P基本额定寿命计算公式作为基础，讨论轴承内部载荷分布与滚动体寿命对轴承整体寿命的影响，得到一次修正计算方法。在基于次表层疲劳起源的L-P理论基础上，从轴承内部载荷分布与套圈周向应力的角度，研究了过盈配合、初始游隙、弯矩、温度及残余应力对次表层最大剪应力的影响，进一步研究它们对疲劳寿命的影响，形成了能够精确计算工况影响的基于轴承内部载荷分布的二次修正计算方法。在以考虑轴承内部载荷分布的一次修正算法和考虑部分工况影响的二次修正算法的基础上，结合基于I-H理论的ISO281-2007寿命修正计算方法，考虑接触区域表层产生的应力及材料疲劳极限对轴承寿命的影响，针对润滑、污染、高可靠度及轴承超长寿命现象进行修正，得到最终的复合工况与高可靠度条件下滚动轴承寿命修正计算方法，并利用VB与Matlab联合开发出计算软件。
[Abstract]:Rolling bearings are widely used in many fields, such as aerospace and rail transit, which require high reliability and are the key parts of transmission. The life prediction of the selected bearing is too large, once the bearing fails ahead of time, it will lead to the serious failure of the transmission part or even the whole system. Bearing life is estimated too small, resulting in premature replacement of bearings, disassembly and assembly process will greatly increase maintenance costs. In this paper, the influence of working condition on bearing life is studied, and the modified calculation method of bearing life under compound working condition and high reliability is put forward. The traditional ISO life calculation method can only calculate the fatigue life of rolling bearing with only axial and radial forces under the request of general reliability for bearings with common internal geometry. In this method, the influence of bending moment, assembly and temperature on the bearing life is not only insufficient but also not only the accuracy is not enough, but also the influence of bending moment, assembly and temperature on the bearing life can be considered by modifying the material and working conditions by using the correction coefficient selected based on experience. In this paper, the calculation formulas of various basic rated life are analyzed and compared, and the influence of bearing internal load distribution and rolling life on the whole life of bearing is discussed based on the L-P basic rated life calculation formula improved by Harris. A modified calculation method is obtained. Based on the L-P theory of subsurface fatigue origin, the effects of interference fit, initial clearance, bending moment, temperature and residual stress on the maximum shear stress of subsurface layer are studied from the angle of bearing internal load distribution and ring circumferential stress. The influence of them on fatigue life is further studied and a secondary correction method based on the internal load distribution of bearing is developed which can accurately calculate the influence of working conditions. On the basis of the primary correction algorithm considering the load distribution inside the bearing and the secondary correction algorithm considering the influence of partial working conditions, the ISO281-2007 life correction method based on I-H theory is combined. Considering the influence of the surface layer stress and the fatigue limit of the material on the bearing life, the lubrication, pollution, high reliability and the super-long life of the bearing are corrected. The final calculation method for life correction of rolling bearing under the condition of compound working condition and high reliability is obtained, and the calculation software is developed by using VB and Matlab.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：TH133.33

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