超精密铣削加工工件表面形貌的仿真与纹理控制

发布时间：2018-09-08 07:20

【摘要】：对于超精密铣削加工完成零件来说，其表面形貌会影响到零件表面粗糙度评定以及其它表面性能。本文针对超精密铣削加工条件下工件表面形貌特点，建立一种适合超精密铣削加工精度和仿真效率的三维表面形貌仿真算法，对工件表面形貌和组成纹理进行相应研究，得出加工参数和刀具初始切入工件相位角对表面形貌的影响过程，建立一种通过规划刀具路径和加工参数来实现特定表面形貌生成的方法。主要内容如下：本文在超精密铣削加工条件下，研究球头刀加工表面形貌生成机理，基于刀刃扫掠点云方式建立一种超精密铣削加工三维表面形貌模型及仿真算法，根据该算法对表面形貌及纹理进行研究并进行相应纹理控制。通过对加工部分刀刃在加工过程中的运动学描述，将三维表面形貌用离散点云数据表达。根据加工曲面信息和采样点数目对仿真区域进行划分并建立随动包容盒，对包容盒内数据进行数值分析和空间变换计算工件三维表面形貌。在该算法基础之上，通过仿真和实验分别研究每转进给量、刀具倾角和刀具初始切入工件相位角与表面形貌之间关系。定义组成球头刀铣削加工后的工件三维表面形貌中的两个重要纹理，分析上述三个因素对这两个纹理形成过程的影响。通过研究加工参数和刀具初始相位角对表面形貌纹理的影响，从规划加工参数和刀具路径两个角度建立控制表面形貌纹理形成的方法。方法从分析表面形貌功能着手，确定需要表面形貌类型，然后对仿真设定参数和刀具路径中非切削过程的规划，最终在实际工件上实现该表面形貌，达到通过规划加工策略来控制表面形貌纹理组成的目的。仿真结果与实验结果表明，仿真算法能够表征工件表面双向残留高度特征，并体现出刀具切入相位角对表面形貌的影响；同时，，根据对表面形貌纹理控制的结果与仿真结果接近，为研究超精密铣削加工表面形貌提供一种新的思路。
[Abstract]:For ultra-precision milling parts, the surface topography will affect the surface roughness evaluation and other surface properties. In this paper, a three-dimensional surface topography simulation algorithm suitable for Ultra-precision milling accuracy and simulation efficiency is established according to the surface topography characteristics of ultra-precision milling parts. The surface topography and composition texture are studied. The influence of machining parameters and initial cutting tool phase angle on the surface topography is obtained. A method to generate specific surface topography is established by planning tool path and machining parameters.
In this paper, under the condition of ultra-precision milling, the formation mechanism of surface topography of ball-end cutter is studied. Based on the method of sweeping point cloud, a three-dimensional surface topography model and simulation algorithm for Ultra-precision milling is established. According to this algorithm, the surface topography and texture are studied and the corresponding texture is controlled. In the process of machining, the 3D surface topography is expressed by discrete point cloud data. According to the information of machining surface and the number of sampling points, the simulation area is divided and the servo containment box is established.
On the basis of this algorithm, the relationship between the feed per turn, tool inclination and the initial cut-in phase angle of the tool and the surface topography is studied by simulation and experiment respectively. Ringing.
By studying the influence of machining parameters and tool initial phase angle on surface topography and texture, a method to control the formation of surface topography and texture is established from two aspects of planning machining parameters and tool path. Finally, the surface topography is realized on the actual workpiece through the process planning, and the goal of controlling the surface topography and texture composition is achieved through the planning of processing strategy.
The simulation and experimental results show that the simulation algorithm can characterize the bi-directional residual height of the workpiece surface and reflect the influence of the cutting tool cutting phase angle on the surface topography.
【学位授予单位】：华中科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：TG54;TH161.1

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