乘用车前轮毂轴承失效分析
发布时间：2018-10-24 10:07
【摘要】：汽车轮毂轴承的作用主要是承受汽车的重量及为轮毂的传动提供精确的导向，既承受径向载荷又承受轴向载荷，当汽车在斜面上转弯时，还承受轴向力产生的弯矩作用，是汽车上重要的安全件，同时也是较易损坏的零部件。如果汽车轮毂轴承出了故障，可能会引起噪音、轴承发热等现象，特别是前轮更为明显，容易导致方向失控等危险现象。国内某型乘用车上市不久，就出现前轮毂轴承失效(噪音大)的市场不良，且呈现多发的趋势。由于不良显现所经过的时间、里程都比较短，且轴承噪音比较大，给用户带来很大的困扰，用户投诉及抱怨比较强烈，给该型车的品牌及销售造成不良的影响，同时也导致较高的售后保修费用。因此，必须迅速的分析该问题产生的原因并制定合适的对策，以消除该不良，解决用户的抱怨。 论文结合实际的工作需要，从市场不良产品入手应用统计学理论对轴承的故障特点以及故障类型进行分析，表明该类型的故障没有明显的地域分布特点，但是在行驶时间或行驶里程比较短的情况下发生的。随机挑选一件故障轴承装在乘用车上，分别采集故障轴承和正常轴承在由低到高的不同车速条件下的振动信号，在时域和频域范围内对其进行分析。时域范围内，对比故障轴承和正常轴承的振动信号，观察信号中是否存在冲击现象；在分析频域范围内，对振动能量集中的频段应用希尔伯特变换解调分析，得出调制频率。将解调分析得出的调制频率与计算得出的轮毂轴承各部件通过频率进行比较，应用振动理论知识判断出故障位置是轴承外圈，且随车速的提高调制现象越严重。针对轴承分别采用外圈轴肩高度增大0.45mm和轴肩的表面粗糙度改善措施，，经试验和市场的验证表明对策效果显著，同期不良率从11.41%降至0.63%。
[Abstract]:The function of automobile hub bearing is mainly to bear the weight of the car and provide accurate guidance for the wheel hub transmission. It bears both radial and axial loads, and when the car turns on the inclined plane, it also bears the bending moment caused by axial force. It is an important safety part in the automobile, and it is also a more easily damaged part. If the car wheel hub bearings fail, it may cause noise, bearing heating and other phenomena, especially the front wheel is more obvious, easy to lead to direction out of control and other dangerous phenomena. Not long after a passenger car is listed in China, the market of front hub bearing failure (noise) is bad, and the trend is frequent. Due to the relatively short time and mileage of the bad appearance, and the relatively large noise of the bearings, which brings great troubles to the users, the complaints and complaints from the users are relatively strong, which will have a negative impact on the brand and sales of this type of car. At the same time also lead to higher after-sale warranty costs. Therefore, it is necessary to quickly analyze the causes of the problem and formulate appropriate countermeasures to eliminate the problem and solve the user's complaints. According to the actual work needs, the paper analyzes the bearing fault characteristics and fault types by applying the statistical theory from the market bad products, which shows that the fault of this type has no obvious regional distribution characteristics. But it happens when the driving time or mileage is short. A fault bearing is randomly selected to be installed on passenger car. The vibration signals of the fault bearing and the normal bearing are collected at different speeds from low to high, and analyzed in the time domain and frequency domain. In the time domain, the vibration signals of the fault bearing and the normal bearing are compared to observe whether there is shock phenomenon in the signal, and in the frequency domain, the frequency band of vibration energy concentration is analyzed by Hilbert transform demodulation, and the modulation frequency is obtained. The modulation frequency obtained by demodulation analysis is compared with the calculated components of hub bearing through frequency, and the fault position is determined by vibration theory knowledge, and the modulation phenomenon becomes more serious with the increase of speed. According to the measures of increasing the height of the outer ring shaft shoulder and improving the surface roughness of the shaft shoulder respectively, the test and the market verification show that the effect of the countermeasures is remarkable, and the defective rate is reduced from 11.41% to 0.63% in the same period.
【学位授予单位】：华南理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：U463.343;TH133.3
本文编号：2291074
[Abstract]:The function of automobile hub bearing is mainly to bear the weight of the car and provide accurate guidance for the wheel hub transmission. It bears both radial and axial loads, and when the car turns on the inclined plane, it also bears the bending moment caused by axial force. It is an important safety part in the automobile, and it is also a more easily damaged part. If the car wheel hub bearings fail, it may cause noise, bearing heating and other phenomena, especially the front wheel is more obvious, easy to lead to direction out of control and other dangerous phenomena. Not long after a passenger car is listed in China, the market of front hub bearing failure (noise) is bad, and the trend is frequent. Due to the relatively short time and mileage of the bad appearance, and the relatively large noise of the bearings, which brings great troubles to the users, the complaints and complaints from the users are relatively strong, which will have a negative impact on the brand and sales of this type of car. At the same time also lead to higher after-sale warranty costs. Therefore, it is necessary to quickly analyze the causes of the problem and formulate appropriate countermeasures to eliminate the problem and solve the user's complaints. According to the actual work needs, the paper analyzes the bearing fault characteristics and fault types by applying the statistical theory from the market bad products, which shows that the fault of this type has no obvious regional distribution characteristics. But it happens when the driving time or mileage is short. A fault bearing is randomly selected to be installed on passenger car. The vibration signals of the fault bearing and the normal bearing are collected at different speeds from low to high, and analyzed in the time domain and frequency domain. In the time domain, the vibration signals of the fault bearing and the normal bearing are compared to observe whether there is shock phenomenon in the signal, and in the frequency domain, the frequency band of vibration energy concentration is analyzed by Hilbert transform demodulation, and the modulation frequency is obtained. The modulation frequency obtained by demodulation analysis is compared with the calculated components of hub bearing through frequency, and the fault position is determined by vibration theory knowledge, and the modulation phenomenon becomes more serious with the increase of speed. According to the measures of increasing the height of the outer ring shaft shoulder and improving the surface roughness of the shaft shoulder respectively, the test and the market verification show that the effect of the countermeasures is remarkable, and the defective rate is reduced from 11.41% to 0.63% in the same period.
【学位授予单位】：华南理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：U463.343;TH133.3
【引证文献】
相关博士学位论文 前1条
1 陈树林;汽车轮毂轴承润滑脂研究与试验评价[D];华南理工大学;2013年
相关硕士学位论文 前1条
1 黄志东;基于谱峭度的滚动轴承故障诊断方法研究[D];华南理工大学;2013年
本文编号：2291074
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