2D高频激振阀的优化设计与实验研究

发布时间：2019-02-15 02:48

【摘要】：随着现代工业尤其是航天航空领域技术的发展,对电液激振器激振频率、输出推力和可控性等都提高了更高的要求。电液激振器性能的好坏,技术水平的高低直接影响到工业工程领域技术的进步和发展。为了进一步提高2D阀控电液激振器的性能,本文对其关键元件—2D高频激振阀及其控制方式进行了优化设计,解决了原2D阀存在的结构复杂、可控性差、激振频率仍有限以及零位难以调整等问题。理论以及实验研究表明:新型2D高频激振阀的结构简单,控制精度高,激振频率可达3000HZ以上。论文的主要研究工作和成果如下: 1.对2D高频激振阀的结构进行了较大的改进,降低了加工和安装难度;将2D高频激振阀阀芯沟槽以及相应的阀套窗口开设为16个,增加了阀芯旋转一周时的沟通次数以提高激振频率;采用混合式直线步进电机直接连接堵头代替偏心轮机构控制2D阀阀芯的轴向开口大小,进而控制激振器振动幅值,采用交流伺服电机以及高速齿轮箱传动机构代替液压马达驱动2D阀阀芯的旋转运动,进而控制激振器的激振频率,激振系统的可控性和控制精度都得到了提升;在混合式直线步进电机支架上设计了调零螺钉和锁紧螺母,解决了原2D阀零位难以调整的问题。 2.在分析2D阀控高频电液激振器工作原理的基础上,通过四通滑阀的阀口流量方程、液压缸流量连续性方程以及液压缸与负载的力平衡方程对激振系统进行数学动力学建模,然后求解该系统的传递函数。 3.对2D高频阀的理想流量特性和工作流量特性进行解析求解与仿真分析。重点研究了激振系统在随阀口面积三角变化的情况下活塞位移和临界阀芯开口的解析求解和仿真,并对不同阀芯开口下“饱和”与“非饱和”波形进行频谱分析和失真度分析。 4.在Matlab平台上应用四阶龙格-库塔法编制仿真程序求解2D阀控高频电液激振器中液压缸活塞位移,负载压力等各项相关参数,对激振系统高频段波形进行仿真分析。 5.搭建实验平台和测试系统,采集2D阀控高频电液激振系统的实际激振力波形和液压缸两腔压力波形,并对其进行分析、比较及研究。
[Abstract]:With the development of modern industry, especially in the field of aerospace and aeronautics, the exciting frequency, output thrust and controllability of electro-hydraulic exciters have been increased. The performance of electro-hydraulic exciter and the level of technology directly affect the progress and development of technology in industrial engineering field. In order to further improve the performance of 2D valve-controlled electro-hydraulic exciter, this paper optimizes the design of its key component, the high-frequency exciting valve and its control mode, which solves the complex structure and poor controllability of the original 2D valve. The exciting frequency is still limited and the zero position is difficult to adjust. The theoretical and experimental results show that the new 2D high frequency vibration valve has the advantages of simple structure, high control precision and high excitation frequency above 3000HZ. The main research work and results are as follows: 1. The structure of 2D high frequency vibration valve is improved greatly, and the difficulty of machining and installation is reduced. The 2D high frequency exciting valve core groove and the corresponding valve sleeve window were opened to 16, which increased the number of times of communication when the valve core rotated one week in order to increase the exciting frequency. The axial opening size of 2D valve core is controlled by using hybrid linear stepper motor instead of eccentric wheel mechanism, and the vibration amplitude of vibration exciter is controlled. Ac servo motor and high speed gearbox drive mechanism are used to replace the rotary movement of 2D valve core driven by hydraulic motor, and then the exciting frequency of the exciter is controlled, and the controllability and control precision of the excitation system are improved. The zero adjusting screw and locking nut are designed on the support of hybrid linear stepper motor to solve the problem that the zero position of original 2D valve is difficult to adjust. 2. On the basis of analyzing the working principle of 2D valve-controlled high-frequency electro-hydraulic exciter, the mathematical and dynamic modeling of the exciting system is carried out through the valve flow equation of four-way slide valve, the flow continuity equation of hydraulic cylinder and the force balance equation between hydraulic cylinder and load. Then the transfer function of the system is solved. 3. The ideal flow characteristics and working flow characteristics of 2D high frequency valve are analytically solved and simulated. In this paper, the analytical solution and simulation of piston displacement and critical core opening with the change of valve area triangle are studied. The spectrum analysis and distortion analysis of "saturated" and "unsaturated" waveforms under different spool openings are carried out. 4. Based on the Matlab platform, the fourth order Runge-Kutta method is used to program a simulation program to solve the piston displacement and load pressure of hydraulic cylinder in 2D valve-controlled high frequency electro-hydraulic exciter. The waveform of high frequency band of excitation system is simulated and analyzed. 5. The experimental platform and test system are built to collect the actual excitation force waveform of 2D valve-controlled high-frequency electro-hydraulic excitation system and the two-chamber pressure waveform of hydraulic cylinder, and to analyze, compare and study it.
【学位授予单位】：浙江工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：TH134

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