轧机齿轮传动系统冲击扭振计算
发布时间：2019-03-05 20:41
【摘要】：轧机主传动系统是由一些惯性元件和弹性元件构成的“质量弹簧系统”,稳定工作时主传动系统不发生扭振,但当生产中负荷扰动(如咬钢,抛钢,启动,变速等)时,系统会产生不稳定的瞬态扭转冲击振动现象,由此引发的事故也是频繁发生,因此研究轧机主动系统的扭振现象可以更好的认识其发生的本质,为主传动系统设计、优化和降低扭振水平提供理论支持。 轧机减速机又是传动系统中关键设备之一,其工作特点是低速、重载、冲击负荷大、冲击次数频繁,要求轧机齿轮传动系统具有足够的承载能力。它性能的好坏直接影响着整个系统的可靠性,在轧机工作过程中,齿轮系统同样伴随着轧机工作负荷扰动,不可避免会引起齿轮冲击振动,不仅会影响自身传动的动态特性,而且还会引起整个传动系统的振动。因此研究轧机齿轮的动力学特性有着重要的意义。本文从数值分析求解和有限元计算的角度出发,对轧机减速机斜齿轮传动系统的动态特性进行分析。 本文以连续弹性碰撞理论和齿轮系统动力学为支撑,以某钢厂1580F2轧机为算例,首先使用ANSYS/LS-DYNA显示动力学分析软件及LS-PREPOST后处理器,建立单个轧机减速器斜齿轮副3D分析模型,计算冲击载荷激励下的冲击动应力及变形情况,并与传统国标法计算得出的齿轮动应力相互验证结果的准确性,综合比较在不同起步转速、启动时间及外载荷咬钢时间等常见扰动工况下斜齿轮系统的承载能力和动态特性,以及冲击应力波在齿轮中的传播图像,为减速机传动系统的设计优化提供参考。 其次针对负荷扰动引起的轧机冲击扭振,采用集中参数法和影响系数法建立考虑轮齿啮合刚度、齿轮误差、齿轮间隙等因素的轧机传动系统分支式动力学模型和简化的扭振数学模型,利用MATLAB软件中的龙格-库塔数值计算方法,对斜坡咬钢和阶跃咬钢冲击过程进行数值求解分析,得出冲击载荷作用下轧机齿轮系统的动态扭矩响应曲线和扭矩放大系数TAF,判定扭振发生时传动系统的最大动力载荷,并研究分析钢坯不同咬入时间和咬钢方式对齿轮传动系统动力学冲击特性的影响,得出抑制冲击扭振的方法。
[Abstract]:The main drive system of the rolling mill is a "mass spring system" consisting of some inertial and elastic elements. The main transmission system does not take place torsional vibration when it works stably, but when the production is disturbed by load (such as steel biting, throwing, starting, changing speed, etc.), the rolling mill main transmission system is a "mass spring system" composed of some inertial and elastic elements. The system will produce unstable transient torsional shock vibration phenomenon, and the accidents caused by this phenomenon will also occur frequently. Therefore, the study of torsional vibration phenomenon in the active system of rolling mill can better understand the essence of its occurrence, and the main transmission system design is given priority to. Optimization and reduction of torsional vibration provide theoretical support. The speed reducer of rolling mill is one of the key equipments in the transmission system, which is characterized by low speed, heavy load, large impact load and frequent impact times. The gear transmission system of rolling mill is required to have sufficient bearing capacity. Its performance has a direct impact on the reliability of the whole system. In the rolling mill operation process, the gear system is also accompanied by the mill workload disturbance, which inevitably results in gear shock vibration, which not only affects the dynamic characteristics of its own transmission, but also affects the dynamic characteristics of its own transmission. It also causes the vibration of the whole transmission system. Therefore, it is of great significance to study the dynamic characteristics of rolling mill gears. From the angle of numerical analysis and finite element calculation, the dynamic characteristics of helical gear transmission system of mill reducer are analyzed in this paper. Based on the continuous elastic collision theory and gear system dynamics, this paper takes a steel mill 1580F2 as an example. Firstly, the ANSYS/LS-DYNA display dynamics analysis software and the LS-PREPOST post-processor are used. The 3D analysis model of helical gear pair of single mill reducer is established to calculate the impact dynamic stress and deformation under the impact load excitation, and the accuracy of the results is verified with the calculation of gear dynamic stress by traditional national standard method. The load carrying capacity and dynamic characteristics of bevel gear system under different starting speed, starting time and steel biting time of external load are comprehensively compared, as well as the propagation image of impact stress wave in gear. It provides a reference for the design and optimization of the drive system of the reducer. Secondly, aiming at the impact torsional vibration of rolling mill caused by load disturbance, the lumped parameter method and the influence coefficient method are used to establish the gear tooth meshing stiffness and gear error. By means of Runge-Kutta numerical calculation method in MATLAB software, the impact process of slope bite and step bite steel is numerically solved and analyzed by means of branch dynamics model and simplified torsional vibration mathematical model of rolling mill transmission system with gear clearance and other factors. The dynamic torque response curve and the torque magnification factor (TAF,) of the rolling mill gear system under the impact load are obtained to determine the maximum dynamic load of the transmission system when the torsional vibration occurs. The influence of different piercing time and biting mode on the dynamic impact characteristics of the gear transmission system is studied and analyzed, and the method to restrain the impact torsional vibration is obtained.
【学位授予单位】：东北大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：TG333;TH113.1
本文编号：2435268
[Abstract]:The main drive system of the rolling mill is a "mass spring system" consisting of some inertial and elastic elements. The main transmission system does not take place torsional vibration when it works stably, but when the production is disturbed by load (such as steel biting, throwing, starting, changing speed, etc.), the rolling mill main transmission system is a "mass spring system" composed of some inertial and elastic elements. The system will produce unstable transient torsional shock vibration phenomenon, and the accidents caused by this phenomenon will also occur frequently. Therefore, the study of torsional vibration phenomenon in the active system of rolling mill can better understand the essence of its occurrence, and the main transmission system design is given priority to. Optimization and reduction of torsional vibration provide theoretical support. The speed reducer of rolling mill is one of the key equipments in the transmission system, which is characterized by low speed, heavy load, large impact load and frequent impact times. The gear transmission system of rolling mill is required to have sufficient bearing capacity. Its performance has a direct impact on the reliability of the whole system. In the rolling mill operation process, the gear system is also accompanied by the mill workload disturbance, which inevitably results in gear shock vibration, which not only affects the dynamic characteristics of its own transmission, but also affects the dynamic characteristics of its own transmission. It also causes the vibration of the whole transmission system. Therefore, it is of great significance to study the dynamic characteristics of rolling mill gears. From the angle of numerical analysis and finite element calculation, the dynamic characteristics of helical gear transmission system of mill reducer are analyzed in this paper. Based on the continuous elastic collision theory and gear system dynamics, this paper takes a steel mill 1580F2 as an example. Firstly, the ANSYS/LS-DYNA display dynamics analysis software and the LS-PREPOST post-processor are used. The 3D analysis model of helical gear pair of single mill reducer is established to calculate the impact dynamic stress and deformation under the impact load excitation, and the accuracy of the results is verified with the calculation of gear dynamic stress by traditional national standard method. The load carrying capacity and dynamic characteristics of bevel gear system under different starting speed, starting time and steel biting time of external load are comprehensively compared, as well as the propagation image of impact stress wave in gear. It provides a reference for the design and optimization of the drive system of the reducer. Secondly, aiming at the impact torsional vibration of rolling mill caused by load disturbance, the lumped parameter method and the influence coefficient method are used to establish the gear tooth meshing stiffness and gear error. By means of Runge-Kutta numerical calculation method in MATLAB software, the impact process of slope bite and step bite steel is numerically solved and analyzed by means of branch dynamics model and simplified torsional vibration mathematical model of rolling mill transmission system with gear clearance and other factors. The dynamic torque response curve and the torque magnification factor (TAF,) of the rolling mill gear system under the impact load are obtained to determine the maximum dynamic load of the transmission system when the torsional vibration occurs. The influence of different piercing time and biting mode on the dynamic impact characteristics of the gear transmission system is studied and analyzed, and the method to restrain the impact torsional vibration is obtained.
【学位授予单位】：东北大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：TG333;TH113.1
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