线接触蜗杆传动及其在齿轮磨削中的应用研究

发布时间：2019-03-06 14:13

【摘要】：当空间交错轴斜齿轮传动满足一定条件：即两个齿轮齿面的公共包络面是具有零度齿形角的齿条齿面,且中心距为两齿轮基圆半径之和。在这种情况下,两齿轮共轭齿面将彼此沿一条直线接触,该直线位于两齿轮基圆柱切平面内。若把其中一个齿轮变为螺旋角很大,齿数很少,则两个齿轮轴交角为90°时即变为蜗杆传动。这种蜗杆传动具有的显著特点是蜗杆副实质上是两个具有螺旋渐开面的斜齿轮传动,因而啮合传动时以瞬时线接触为特征,这与传统蜗杆的曲线接触有明显区别；其次当一对渐开线齿形斜齿轮传动时,它具有斜齿轮传动的所有优点,也可以利用所有齿轮加工手段对其进行加工,但是可以实现大传动比、相错轴传动；与传统的蜗轮蜗杆传动相比较,由于工作面是可展的螺旋渐开面,易于实现齿形和齿面高精度,为高精度传动创造条件。分析了直线接触蜗杆实现精密传动的传动副制造工艺特点和结构特点,介绍了蜗轮蜗杆传动的理论计算和结构设计原理与方法。以此为基础,提出了以这种蜗杆为砂轮进行圆柱齿轮的磨削。当蜗杆砂轮的齿面发生线实际长度大于齿轮宽度时,磨削加工可不需要轴向进给,这种磨削加工方法结构简单、效率高,可以用于大批量生产中齿轮的磨削加工或者珩磨加工。蜗杆砂轮工作面是可展曲面,可进行精密磨削,利于以淬硬钢制造、电镀CBN；同时易于修整,手段多样并可降低成本。论述了这种磨削方法结构实现、磨削进给的实现等,并推导了磨削速度计算公式。这种新型蜗杆参数的设计和确定是以基圆上的尺寸为标准,而现有的齿轮传动设计都是以分度圆为标准。文中提出了蜗杆参数的设计和确定原则,即在保证不干涉的情况下,使蜗杆具有足够的刚度、强度,而且具有良好的经济性。在这基础上,提出了运用数控车床、专用刀具进行蜗杆加工的方法。蜗杆加工应保证左右两段蜗杆渐开螺旋面发生线的起始位置的距离为齿轮跨齿的公法线长度。本研究不仅从理论上进行论证,还加工出一对新型蜗轮蜗杆,进行了传动实验的检测。并用ADAMS进行了磨削过程的受力仿真分析。
[Abstract]:When the space staggered helical gear transmission satisfies certain conditions, that is, the common envelope surface of the two gears is the rack tooth surface with zero tooth angle, and the center distance is the sum of the radius of the base circle of the two gears. In this case, the conjugate tooth surfaces of the two gears will contact each other in a straight line, which is located in the tangential plane of the cylinder on the base of the two gears. If one of the gears is changed into a large spiral angle and a small number of teeth, then when the intersection angle of the two gear shafts is 90 掳, it becomes a worm drive. The characteristic of this kind of worm drive is that the worm pair is essentially two helical gears with spiral involute surface, so the meshing transmission is characterized by instantaneous line contact, which is obviously different from the curve contact of the traditional worm gear. Secondly, when a pair of involute helical gears drive, it has all the advantages of helical gear transmission, and it can also be processed by all means of gear processing, but it can realize large transmission ratio and misalignment shaft transmission. Compared with the traditional worm gear and worm drive, because the working face is an expandable spiral involute surface, it is easy to realize the high accuracy of tooth profile and tooth surface, thus creating conditions for high precision transmission. This paper analyzes the manufacturing process and structural characteristics of linear contact worm drive pair, and introduces the theory calculation and structure design principle and method of worm gear and worm drive. On the basis of this, the grinding of cylindrical gear with this worm wheel is put forward. When the actual length of tooth surface of worm wheel is larger than the width of gear, the grinding process does not need axial feed. This grinding method is simple in structure and high in efficiency, so it can be used in gear grinding or honing in mass production. Worm wheel working face is a developable surface, which can be used for precision grinding, which is conducive to manufacture of hardened steel. Electroplating CBN; is easy to be trimmed at the same time, various means can be used and the cost can be reduced. This paper discusses the structure realization of this grinding method, the realization of grinding feed, and deduces the calculating formula of grinding speed. The design and determination of the parameters of this new type of worm is based on the size of the base circle, while the existing gear transmission design is based on the indexing circle. In this paper, the principle of design and determination of worm parameters is put forward, that is to say, the worm has sufficient stiffness, strength and good economy under the condition of ensuring non-interference. On the basis of this, the method of worm machining with NC lathe and special tool is put forward. The worm machining should ensure that the distance of the starting position of the involute helix line between the left and right sections of the worm is the common normal length of the tooth span of the gear. This research not only demonstrates theoretically, but also processes a pair of new worm gear and worm gear, and tests the transmission experiment. The simulation analysis of grinding process is carried out with ADAMS.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：TH132.44;TG616

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