大扭矩电磁离合器优化设计与动态仿真分析
发布时间：2019-03-21 19:35
【摘要】：大扭矩电磁离合器是大型机械设备的重要传动部件,目前国内对该类型离合器理论研究较少,设计过程大都遵循传统的设计方法。论文以大型科研项目--轴承试验台研制为契机,在离合器传统设计经验的基础上采用数字化、参数化及数值模拟等先进设计方法,对电磁离合器进行了详尽的技术设计,完成了工程应用设计。 根据试验台高速、重载的技术要求,确定了电磁离合器动摩擦转矩30000Nm,吸合时间0.6s的性能参数,提出了电磁离合器关键部件、电磁场和整体结构的设计方案,对摩擦转矩、滑摩功、发热及动作特性进行了理论分析,确定了工况系数、摩擦系数、磁场强度等基本参数。针对离合器的衔铁、磁轭、摩擦片等关键部件进行了结构设计,并根据各结构参数之间的约束关系,以转动惯量最小为目标,运用MATLAB优化工具箱进行优化,得到了结构参数的最优组合,确定了离合器关键部件的基本尺寸。 建立了离合器的理论模型,对主要部件结构特征进行了分析。运用ANSYS软件对离合器的磁场部分进行仿真,分析了电磁力与电流、匝数、气隙及衔铁尺寸之间的关系,得出电磁力随电流、匝数、气隙及衔铁尺寸变化的曲线,确定了最优化参数,满足了离合器转动惯量达到最小要求。 运用UG NX Nastran对外壳、顶杆、压盘等部件进行了强度校核,并以结构强度小于许用应力为约束条件,以质量最小为目标,对其结构尺寸进行了优化,得到了离合器的实体模型。 运用UG NX6软件运动仿真模块对离合器运动状态进行了数字仿真,分析了离合器工作中的运动过程状态,得到了离合器在工作过程中的动态特性曲线。通过仿真分析得到离合器优化设计满足试验台性能要求。 设计了电磁离合器控制电路,完成了样机研制,编写了试验程序,通过了现场性能测试试验,得到了离合器实际使用中动特性曲线,验证了离合器结构优化设计和动态仿真的合理性。
[Abstract]:Large torque electromagnetic clutch is an important transmission part of large-scale mechanical equipment. At present, there is little research on this type of clutch theory in our country, and the design process mostly follows the traditional design method. Taking the development of bearing test-bed, a large-scale scientific research project, as an opportunity, based on the traditional design experience of clutch, this paper adopts the advanced design methods such as digitization, parametrization and numerical simulation to design the electromagnetic clutch in detail. The engineering application design is completed. According to the technical requirements of high speed and heavy load on the test-bed, the performance parameters of electromagnetic clutch dynamic friction torque 30000Nm and absorption time 0.6s are determined. The design scheme of the key components of electromagnetic clutch, the electromagnetic field and the whole structure, the friction torque, the electromagnetic field and the whole structure are presented. The basic parameters, such as working condition coefficient, friction coefficient and magnetic field intensity, are determined by theoretical analysis of sliding power, heating and action characteristics. Aiming at the key components of clutch, such as armature, yoke, friction plate and so on, the structure design is carried out. According to the constraint relation of each structure parameter, aiming at the minimum moment of inertia, the optimization tool box of MATLAB is used to carry on the optimization. The optimum combination of structural parameters is obtained, and the basic dimensions of the key parts of clutch are determined. The theoretical model of clutch is established and the structural characteristics of main components are analyzed. The magnetic field part of clutch is simulated with ANSYS software. The relationship between electromagnetic force and current, turn number, air gap and armature size is analyzed. The curves of electromagnetic force varying with current, turn number, air gap and armature size are obtained, and the relationship between electromagnetic force and current, turn number, air gap and armature size is analyzed. The optimum parameters are determined to meet the minimum requirement of clutch moment of inertia. Using UG NX Nastran to check the strength of shell, jacking rod and pressure plate, the structure size of the clutch is optimized by taking the structural strength less than the allowable stress as the constraint condition and the minimum mass as the goal, and the solid model of the clutch is obtained. The movement state of clutch is simulated by UG NX6 software, and the dynamic characteristic curve of clutch is obtained by analyzing the movement state of clutch in the working process. Through simulation analysis, the optimal design of clutch meets the performance requirements of the test-bed. The control circuit of the electromagnetic clutch is designed, the prototype is developed, the test program is compiled, and the dynamic characteristic curve of the clutch is obtained through the field performance test. The rationality of optimal design and dynamic simulation of clutch structure is verified.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨工程大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：TH133.4
本文编号：2445251
[Abstract]:Large torque electromagnetic clutch is an important transmission part of large-scale mechanical equipment. At present, there is little research on this type of clutch theory in our country, and the design process mostly follows the traditional design method. Taking the development of bearing test-bed, a large-scale scientific research project, as an opportunity, based on the traditional design experience of clutch, this paper adopts the advanced design methods such as digitization, parametrization and numerical simulation to design the electromagnetic clutch in detail. The engineering application design is completed. According to the technical requirements of high speed and heavy load on the test-bed, the performance parameters of electromagnetic clutch dynamic friction torque 30000Nm and absorption time 0.6s are determined. The design scheme of the key components of electromagnetic clutch, the electromagnetic field and the whole structure, the friction torque, the electromagnetic field and the whole structure are presented. The basic parameters, such as working condition coefficient, friction coefficient and magnetic field intensity, are determined by theoretical analysis of sliding power, heating and action characteristics. Aiming at the key components of clutch, such as armature, yoke, friction plate and so on, the structure design is carried out. According to the constraint relation of each structure parameter, aiming at the minimum moment of inertia, the optimization tool box of MATLAB is used to carry on the optimization. The optimum combination of structural parameters is obtained, and the basic dimensions of the key parts of clutch are determined. The theoretical model of clutch is established and the structural characteristics of main components are analyzed. The magnetic field part of clutch is simulated with ANSYS software. The relationship between electromagnetic force and current, turn number, air gap and armature size is analyzed. The curves of electromagnetic force varying with current, turn number, air gap and armature size are obtained, and the relationship between electromagnetic force and current, turn number, air gap and armature size is analyzed. The optimum parameters are determined to meet the minimum requirement of clutch moment of inertia. Using UG NX Nastran to check the strength of shell, jacking rod and pressure plate, the structure size of the clutch is optimized by taking the structural strength less than the allowable stress as the constraint condition and the minimum mass as the goal, and the solid model of the clutch is obtained. The movement state of clutch is simulated by UG NX6 software, and the dynamic characteristic curve of clutch is obtained by analyzing the movement state of clutch in the working process. Through simulation analysis, the optimal design of clutch meets the performance requirements of the test-bed. The control circuit of the electromagnetic clutch is designed, the prototype is developed, the test program is compiled, and the dynamic characteristic curve of the clutch is obtained through the field performance test. The rationality of optimal design and dynamic simulation of clutch structure is verified.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨工程大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：TH133.4
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