肉牛脂代谢相关基因遗传多态性及其与延边牛肉质性状相关分析

发布时间：2018-01-23 07:02

本文关键词： 肉牛 MC4R LEPR HSL LPL SCD 多态性 SNPs 肉质性状关联分析　出处：《延边大学》2017年博士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：本研究以鲁西牛、南阳牛、延黄牛以及延边牛4个品种肉牛群体共计356个体为材料,采用序列分析技术结合生物信息学方法,研究了影响牛脂肪代谢的MC4R、LEPR、HSL、LPL、SCD等5个候选基因部分基因座位的SNP位点,探讨了试验牛群的遗传结构和遗传多样性;并对157头延边牛在上述位点的肉质性状指标进行了相关性分析,以期筛选出显著影响肉牛肉质性状的功能基因或分子标记,为肉牛种质资源保存与利用和延边牛高效选育提供遗传学依据。试验得到以下主要结果:1、在HSL基因发现7处突变,四个试验牛群体在1208bp、1537bp、1574bp、1729bp、1740bp、1869bp、与1921bp处的突变均处于中度多态和低度多态。其中,1729bpA→G的突变导致编码蛋白的氨基酸由谷氨酰胺突变为精氨酸,1740bpT→C的突变导致丝氨酸突变为脯氨酸,1869bpA→G的突变导致缬氨酸突变为异亮氨酸,1921bpA→G的突变导致谷氨酸突变为赖氨酸。与延边牛肉质性状相关分析表明:1208bp A→C位点与眼肌面积、系水力、亮度、肉豆寇酸、油酸、亚油酸、亚麻酸、丝氨酸、甘氨酸、丙氨酸、异亮氨酸、亮氨酸、赖氨酸呈显著相关显著相关;1537bpA→C位点与蒸煮损失、滴水损失、黄色度显著相关;1729bp A→G位点与宰前活重、胴体重、背膘厚、肉豆寇酸、棕榈酸、亚油酸、丝氨酸、精氨酸、赖氨酸显著相关;1921bp A→G位点与宰前活重、胴体重、肉豆寇酸、亚油酸、亚麻酸、丝氨酸、甘氨酸、丙氨酸、异亮氨酸、亮氨酸、脯氨酸、赖氨酸显著相关。2、在LPL基因329bp的A→T突变在延边牛群体中处于中度多态,其余牛群体均处于低度多态;该突变引起苏氨酸突变为丝氨酸,与延边牛眼肌面积、蒸煮损失、滴水损失、PH、肉豆蔻酸、亚油酸、丝氨酸、甘氨酸、丙氨酸、赖氨酸显著相关;3、在LEPR基因2831bp的C→T突变在四个牛群体中均处于中度多态,使苏氨酸突变为蛋氨酸,引起了疏水性结构改变,导致蛋白质二级结构在第940处左右出现一个α螺旋丢失、β折叠增加,改变了三级结构中α螺旋、β转角的空间位置,经相关分析表明该位点与延边牛背膘厚、眼肌面积、蒸煮损失显著相关。4、在MC4R基因1069bp发现C→G的突变在四个牛群体中属于中度多态,引起亮氨酸突变为缬氨酸,疏水性结构改变,导致蛋白质二级结构在166、243、281处出现α螺旋丢失、β折叠丢失,三级结构中β转角的空间位置发生改变。相关分析表明该位点与延边牛背膘厚、亮度、黄色度、肉豆蔻酸、亚油酸及亚麻酸显著相关。5、在SCD基因发现3处突变在四个牛群体中均处于中度多态。其中,1022bp处的突变使编码蛋白的氨基酸由丙氨酸突变为缬氨酸,导致了疏水性结构改变,表现为缬氨酸编码蛋白的疏水性高于丙氨酸编码蛋白的疏水性;引起蛋白质二级结构在第291处出现α螺旋的丢失、无规则卷曲丢失,289处出现β折叠丢失,但蛋白质三级结构没有变化。相关分析表明846bp A→G的突变与延边牛宰前活重、胴体重、背膘厚、硬脂酸、亚油酸、天冬氨酸、谷氨酸、甘氨酸、丙氨酸含量显著相关,而1022 bpC→T的突变与天冬氨酸、酪氨酸、硬脂酸含量显著相关。
[Abstract]:In this study, Luxi cattle, Nanyang cattle, Yanbian cattle and cattle extension of 4 varieties of beef cattle population a total of 356 individuals were analyzed using the technique combined with bioinformatics sequence, study the influence of bovine fat metabolism of MC4R, LEPR, HSL, LPL, part of 5 candidate genes SCD and SNP loci for seats. To test their genetic structure and genetic diversity; and the 157 Yanbian cattle in the site of meat quality traits were analyzed, in order to select the significant influence of cattle meat quality traits of functional genes or molecular markers to provide the genetic basis for germplasm preservation and utilization of beef cattle and Yanbian cattle breeding efficiency. The main results are as follows: 1, the test found 7 mutations in the HSL gene, four experimental cattle population in 1208bp, 1537bp, 1574bp, 1729bp, 1740bp, 1869bp, and 1921bp of the mutations were in the moderate multi state and low polymorphism. Among them, 17 29bpA and G mutations cause amino acid encoding protein from glutamine to arginine mutation, 1740bpT mutation, C mutation leads to serine proline, 1869bpA and G mutation causes a valine mutation to isoleucine, 1921bpA and G mutations lead to glutamate mutated to lysine. Show and Yanbian beef quality traits correlation analysis: 1208bp A to C sites and eye muscle area, waterholdingcapacity, brightness, myristic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid, linolenic acid, serine, glycine, alanine, isoleucine, leucine, correlated significantly related to lysine; 1537bpA and C loci and cooking loss, drip loss, yellowness was significantly related to G; 1729bp A site and slaughter weight, carcass weight, backfat thickness, myristic acid, palmitic acid, linoleic acid, serine, arginine and lysine were significantly related to A and 1921bp; G locus and slaughter weight, carcass weight, myristic acid, linoleic acid, linolenic acid, silk Arginine, glycine, alanine, isoleucine, leucine, proline and lysine were significantly related to.2, 329bp, A in LPL gene T mutation was moderate polymorphism in Yanbian cattle population, the rest are in low polymorphism; the mutation of threonine to serine mutation, and Yanbian bovine muscle area, cooking loss, drip the loss of PH, myristic acid, linoleic acid, serine, glycine, alanine, lysine were significantly correlated; 3, in LEPR 2831bp C and T gene mutations in four cattle populations had moderate polymorphism, the methionine for threonine mutation, caused by the change of hydrophobic structure, leading to protein secondary structure of two an alpha helix lost in about 940th, three fold increase in beta, changes in the primary structure of the alpha helix and beta angle space position, the correlation analysis showed that the site of Yanbian cattle with backfat thickness, loin eye area, cooking loss was significantly related to.4 in MC4R 1069bp gene mutation was found in C and G in four cattle populations belonging to moderate polymorphism, caused by mutation to valine leucine, change the hydrophobic structure, leading to protein secondary structure of two appear lost in alpha helix 166243281, beta folding lost, position three beta turn secondary structure change. Correlation analysis showed that this locus and Yanbian cattle back fat thickness, brightness, color, myristic acid, linoleic acid and linolenic acid were significantly related to.5 in the SCD gene found 3 mutations in four cattle populations were moderate polymorphism. The mutation at 1022bp amino acid encoding protein from alanine to valine mutation, leads to a change in hydrophobic structure that is a hydrophobic hydrophobic valine encoding protein is higher than that of alanine encoding protein; protein secondary structure caused by loss of two alpha helix 291st, random coil loss, 289 beta folding appear lost Lost, but the protein level three no changes in the structure. The correlation analysis showed that the mutation of 846bp A, G and Yanbian cattle slaughter weight, carcass weight, backfat thickness, stearic acid, linoleic acid, aspartic acid, glutamic acid, glycine, alanine content was significantly correlated, while the 1022 bpC, T mutation and ammonia in winter days acid, tyrosine, was significantly related to the content of stearic acid.

【学位授予单位】：延边大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：S823

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