大麦分蘖角度基因的定位研究

发布时间：2018-02-12 05:05

本文关键词： 大麦分蘖角度匍匐生长基因定位　出处：《长江大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：大麦(Hordeim vulgare L.)是世界第四大谷物,也是我国主要种植作物之一。至2050年,全球粮食需求将翻一番,为了满足这一需求,每年粮食平均产量需要增加2.4%。分蘖数目和分蘖角度是禾本科作物的两个重要农艺性状,当分蘖与主茎间夹角增大到极致,分蘖的负向重力性减弱或者消失,作物就形成匍匐生长。作物匍匐生长能减少叶片之间相互覆盖,增大截光面积,从而增加光能利用;也能覆盖地表,保持水土和养分,减少杂草的生长。作物匍匐生长能影响作物产量等农艺性状,因此对大麦匍匐生长的研究亟待解决。本研究采用的大麦突变体V-V-HD具有早期匍匐生长,拔节后挺立直立生长的动态表型,这种表型被认为是作物的理想株型。本研究采用大麦突变体亲本V-V-HD和野生型亲本Buloke杂交构建的双单倍体系群体共208个系作为作图群体,利用图位克隆和QTL定位方法来定位控制大麦匍匐生长的基因。通过分析处理V-V-HD/Buloke双单倍体系群体的表型数据,经卡方测验验证,证实大麦匍匐生长的表行是由单基因控制。通过选取47个已经确定表型数据的双单倍体单株和大麦已经发布的单核苷酸多态性(SNP)标记,经过试验证明目标基因位于大麦3号染色体上,在SNP标记2_0343附近。通过查找已经发布的SSR标记和设计新的插入/缺失标记,最终目标基因被定位在插入/缺失标记InDelz3028(631.84Mb)和InDelz3032(635.37Mb)之间,大小为3.53Mb,共有52个候选基因,并被分为9大类。本研究结果将有助于我们了解匍匐生长这个性状,本研究所设计的引物将有助于推动大麦匍匐生长性状的分子标记辅助选择育种进程。
[Abstract]:Hordeim vulgare L.is one of the world's 4th largest cereals and one of China's main growers. By 2050, global food demand will double to meet that demand. The number of tillers and tiller angle are two important agronomic characters of gramineous crops. When the angle between tiller and main stem increases to the maximum, the negative gravity of tiller decreases or disappears. Crops form creeping growth. Creeping crops can reduce the coverage of leaves and increase the area of cut light, thereby increasing the utilization of light energy. It can also cover the surface of the earth to conserve water, soil and nutrients. Crop creeping growth can affect crop yield and other agronomic characters, so the study of barley creeping growth needs to be solved urgently. The barley mutant V-V-HD used in this study has early creeping growth. The dynamic phenotype of erect growth after jointing was considered to be the ideal plant type of crop. In this study, 208 lines of double haploid lines were constructed by hybridization of barley mutant V-V-HD and wild type parent Buloke. Map cloning and QTL mapping were used to localize genes controlling barley creeping growth. Phenotypic data of V-V-HD / Buloke diploid population were analyzed and verified by chi-square test. It was confirmed that the apparent row of prostrate growth of barley was controlled by single gene. By selecting 47 single diploid plants with determined phenotype data and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of barley published by single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), The results showed that the target gene was located on chromosome 3 of barley, near SNP marker 20343. By searching for published SSR marker and designing new insertion / deletion marker, the final target gene was located between insertion / deletion marker InDelz30286331.84Mb) and InDelz3032mb (635.37Mb). The size of 3.53Mb, 52 candidate genes, and were divided into 9 categories. The results of this study will help us to understand the characteristics of creeping growth, The primers designed in this study will help to promote the breeding process of barley creeping growth traits by molecular marker-assisted selection.
【学位授予单位】：长江大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：S512.3

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